Six-long non-coding RNA signature predicts recurrence-free survival in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Stratified analysis of recurrence-free survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort

Characteristic	Recurrence-free survival
	High-risk/low-risk	HR (95%CI)	P-value
Overall	165/169	1.807 (1.329-2.457)	< 0.001a
TNM stage
I/II	104/130	1.595 (1.071-2.375)	0.018a
III/IV	48/29	1.295 (0.759-2.208)	0.340
Gender
Male	111/116	2.150 (1.476-3.133)	< 0.001a
Female	53/54	0.940 (0.552-1.598)	0.818
Age (yr)
≤ 60	81/80	2.244 (1.435-3.510)	< 0.001a
> 60	83/90	1.155 (0.758-1.761)	0.499
Hepatitis B
With HBV	39/60	2.013 (1.056-3.837)	0.022a
Without HBV	46/32	1.371 (0.685-2.743)	0.371
Hepatitis C
With HCV	26/25	0.964 (0.466-1.997)	0.922
Without HCV	46/54	1.434 (0.792-2.596)	0.224
Alcohol consumption
Yes	55/52	2.209 (1.301-3.752)	0.002a
No	107/110	1.404 (0.954-2.066)	0.080
Liver cirrhosis
Yes	27/48	1.353 (0.697-2.626)	0.340
No	62/63	1.263 (0.770-2.070)	0.354
Albumin (g/dL)
≤ 3.5	36/41	0.908 (0.464-1.776)	0.776
> 3.5	88/110	1.682 (1.132-2.501)	0.007a
Creatinine (mg/dL)
< 1.1	85/101	1.419 (0.945-2.130)	0.084
≥ 1.1	39/50	1.686 (0.891-3.189)	0.088
Alpha-fetoprotein (ng/mL)
≤ 20	55/84	0.874 (0.535-1.428)	0.590
> 20	58/58	1.780 (1.066-2.972)	0.021a
Platelet(× 109/L)
≤ 250	80/102	1.517 (0.983-2.340)	0.052
> 250	45/52	1.431 (0.818-2.502)	0.181
Race
Asian	73/75	2.160 (1.329-3.510)	0.001a
White	78/82	1.275 (0.847-1.919)	0.238
BMI
< 24	75/71	1.597 (1.007-2.533)	0.039a
≥ 24	75/86	1.692 (1.085-2.638)	0.017a
Family history
Yes	45/55	1.883 (1.074-3.304)	0.022a
No	102/89	1.367 (0.919-2.034)	0.120
ECOG
0	64/88	2.106 (1.279-3.468)	0.002a
> 0	61/53	1.334 (0.837-2.125)	0.223

^aStatistically significant. BMI: Body mass index; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of clinicopathologic characteristics associated with recurrence in The Cancer Genome Atlas samples

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P-value	HR (95%CI)	P-value
Six-lncRNA risk score	1.341 (1.110-1.620)	0.002a	1.270 (1.018-1.585)	0.034a
TNM stage (IV/III/II/I)	1.727 (1.441-2.070)	< 0.001a	1.705 (1.393-2.089)	< 0.001a
Gender (male/female)	0.982 (0.711-1.355)	0.911	-	-
Age (> 60/≤ 60)	0.956 (0.707-1.294)	0.773	-	-
HBV (yes/no)	0.804 (0.505-1.281)	0.359	-	-
HCV (yes/no)	1.271 (0.798-2.207)	0.313	-	-
Alcohol consumption (yes/no)	1.062 (0.769-1.467)	0.717	-	-
Liver cirrhosis (yes/no)	1.271 (0.861-1.877)	0.228	-	-
Albumin (> 3.5/≤ 3.5 g/dL)	0.968 (0.659-1.424)	0.870	-	-
Creatinine (≥ 1.1/< 1.1 mg/dA)	0.739 (0.511-1.069)	0.109	-	-
AFP (> 20/≤ 20 ng/mL)	1.380 (0.972-1.959)	0.072
Platelet (> 250/≤ 250 × 109/L)	1.314 (0.932-1.854)	0.119	-	-
Race (Asian/White)	1.270 (0.928-1.739)	0.136	-	-
BMI (≥ 24/< 24)	0.860 (0.697-1.062)	0.161	-	-
Family history (yes/no)	0.920 (0.655-1.292)	0.630	-	-
ECOG (> 0/0)	1.858 (1.329-2.598)	< 0.001a	1.486 (1.045-2.114)	0.028a
TP53 mutation (yes/no)	1.389 (1.004-1.922)	0.047a	1.326 (0.894-1.967)	0.161

^aStatistically significant. AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; BMI: Body mass index; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HR: Hazard ratio; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.