Management of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in patients with extra copies of the MALT1 gene

Table 1 Clinical backgrounds of the study subjects n (%)

	Total	Group A:	Group B:	Group C:	Group A vs B,	Group A vs C,
		No chromosome aberration1	t(11;18) positive	Extra copies of MALT1	p value	p value
n	146	88	27	31
Sex
Male	70 (47.9)	40 (45.5)	17 (63.0)	13 (41.9)	0.11	0.73
Female	76 (52.1)	48 (54.5)	10 (37.0)	18 (58.1)
Age (mean ± SD, yr)	65.4 ± 12.6	65.9 ± 12.3	64.2 ± 11.2	65.0 ± 14.9	0.53	0.75
Stage (Lugano system)
I	131	81	24	26	0.922	0.292
II1	3	1	1	1
II2	1	1	0	0
IV	11	5	2	4
H. pylori
Positive	89 (61.0)	66 (75.0)	2 (7.4)	21 (67.7)	< 0.01	0.439
Negative	57 (39.0)	22 (25.0)	25 (92.6)	10 (32.3)

¹Patients without t(11;18) translocation or extra copies of MALT1;

²stage I and II1 vs II2 and IV.

Table 2 Endoscopic features of the gastric lesions n (%)

	Total	Group A: No chromosome aberration1	Group B: t(11;18) positive	Group C: Extra copies of MALT1
Macroscopic feature
Erosions/ulcers	44 (30.1)	23 (26.1)	9 (33.3)	12 (38.7)
Early gastric cancer-like	10 (6.8)	7 (8.0)	2 (7.4)	1 (3.2)
Whitish mucosa	42 (28.8)	25 (28.4)	12 (44.4)	5 (16.1)
Cobblestone appearance	17 (11.6)	12 (13.6)	3 (11.1)	2 (6.5)
Submucosal tumor	29 (19.9)	19 (21.6)	0	10 (32.3)
Mixed	4 (2.7)	2 (2.3)	1 (3.7)	1 (3.2)

¹Patients without t(11;18) translocation or extra copies of MALT1.

Table 3 Treatment regimens and outcomes of the study subjects

	Total	Group A:No chromosome aberration1	Group B:t(11;18) positive	Group C:Extra copies of MALT1
Treatment
Eradication alone	85	62	3	20
RT alone	23	8	15	0
Chemotherapy alone	8	3	2	3
RT and chemotherapy	2	1	0	1
Eradication RT	17	6	5	6
Eradication and chemotherapy	3	2	0	1
Eradication and RT and chemotherapy	2	1	1	0
None	6	5	1	0
Outcome
Live without disease	103	61	21	21
Live with disease	33	20	5	8
Live, unknown disease status	6	5	1	0
Dead by other cause	3	1	0	2
Dead by MALT lymphoma	1	1	0	0
Follow-up period (mean ± SD, yr)	3.9 ± 3.3	3.9 ± 3.1	5.1 ± 4.5	2.9 ± 2.2

¹Patients without t(11;18) translocation or extra copies of MALT1. RT: Radiotherapy; MALT: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.

Table 4 Treatment regimens resulted in complete remission

	Total	Group A: No chromosome aberration1	Group B:t(11;18) positive	Group C:Extra copies of MALT1
n	103	61	21	21
Treatment
Eradication alone	58	44	1	13
RT alone	20	6	14	0
Chemotherapy alone	4	1	1	2
RT and chemotherapy	2	1	0	1
Eradication and RT	13	5	4	4
Eradication and chemotherapy	3	2	0	1
Eradication, RT and chemotherapy	1	0	1	0
None	2	2	0	0

¹Patients without t(11;18) translocation or extra copies of MALT1. RT: Radiotherapy; MALT: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.