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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. May 28, 2017; 23(20): 3632-3642
Published online May 28, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i20.3632
Published online May 28, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i20.3632
Table 1 New screening criteria (Adapted from: Andermann et al[9]
| Emerging screening criteria proposed after Wilson and Junger principles |
| The screening programme should respond to a recognized need |
| The objectives of screening should be defined at the outset |
| There should be a defined target population |
| There should be scientific evidence of screening programme effectiveness |
| The programme should integrate education, testing, clinical services and programme management |
| There should be quality assurance, with mechanisms to minimize potential risks of screening |
| The programme should ensure informed choice, confidentiality and respect for autonomy |
| The programme should promote equity and access to screening for the entire target population |
| Programme evaluation should be planned from the outset |
| The overall benefits of screening should outweigh the harm |
Table 2 Results of European Screening Programs
| Country | Netherlands | Italy | Ireland | Lithuania | Croatia | Czech Republic | Slovenia | England | France |
| ASRi | 40.2 | 33.9 | 34.9 | 23.4 | 32.9 | 39.9 | 37 | 30.2 | 36.1 |
| ASRm | 13.4 | 10.8 | 12.2 | 13.7 | 18.7 | 15.4 | 16.2 | 10.7 | 12.9 |
| Period | 2014-2015 | 2007-2009 | 2008-2009 | 2009-2012 | 2007-2011 | 2000-2011 | 2009-2014 | 2006-2010 | 2008-2009 |
| Age | 55-75 | 50-69 | 50-74 | 50-74 | 50-74 | > 50 | 50-69 | 60-69 | 50-74 |
| Test | FIT | FIT | FIT | FIT | gFOBT | gFOBT/FIT | FIT | gFOBT | gFOBT |
| Participation, n (%) | 129395 (68.2) | 81619 (54.4) | 9993 (51) | 271396 (46) | 210239 (19.9) | 521429 (22.7) | 152475 (60.43) | 1079293 (52) | 2964976 (34.3) |
| M, n (%) | 2126 (42) | 55.23% | 510864 (49.6) | 32.10% | |||||
| F , n (%) | 2937 (42) | 65.53% | 568429 (54.4) | 36.20% | |||||
| Positive test, n (%) | 15802 (12.2) | (5.8) | 514 (10) | 19455 (7.2) | 12477 (6.9) | 31794 (6.1) | 8108 (5.9) | 21106 (2%) | 82786 (2.8) |
| M, n (%) | 14.50% | 254 (5) | 7.60% | 12776 (2.5) | 3.30% | ||||
| F, n (%) | 10.10% | 260 (5) | 4.70% | 8330 (1.5) | 2.40% | ||||
| Colonoscopies performed | 74.30% | 92.50% | 87% | 66.10% | 66% | 95.70% | 98.90% | 83% | 88.40% |
| Advanced adenomas, n (%) | 3832 (33.5) | 702 | 99 (24) | 3.90% | 41% | 3077 | 1887 (25.16) | 1721 (9.8) | 14276 |
| PPV Advanced adenomas | NA | 30.20% | 5% | NA | NA | 16.80% | NA | NA | 19.60% |
| CRC, n (%) | 763 (6.7) | 70 | 38 (9) | 3.10% | 472 (3.6) | 829 | 159 (2.16) | 1772 (10.1) | 7.50% |
| PPV CRC | 6.70% | 3% | 4% | NA | NA | 4.50% | NA | NA | NA |
| CRC detection rate per 1000 | 5.9 | 1.6 | 3.3 | 0.2 | NA | 1 | NA | NA | 1.9 |
Table 3 Results of colorectal cancer screening program time-trend (adapted from Suchanek et al[43])
| 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | Total | |
| Examined patients (n) | 272658 | 320317 | 352595 | 414300 | 521429 | NA | 1881299 |
| Positivity rate | 3.6% | 3.3% | 4.1% | 5.0% | 6.1% | NA | 4.6% |
| PPV for advanced adenoma | 14.1% | 13.5% | 16.2% | 16.6% | 16.8% | 16.7% | 16.2% |
| PPV for CRC | 6.3% | 5.9% | 6.0% | 5.1% | 4.5% | 3.6% | 4.8% |
Table 4 Results of American, Western Pacific and East Asian screening programs
| Country | Canada | California(United States) | South Korea | Australia | Thailand | Taiwan | Chile |
| ASRi | 35.5 | 25 (United States) | 45 | 38 | 12.4 | NA | 15 |
| ASRm | 10.8 | 9.2 (United States) | 12 | 9 | 7.3 | NA | 8.6 |
| Period | 2009-2011 | 2008 | 2004-2008 | 2002-2004 | 2011-2012 | 2004-2009 | 2007-2009 |
| Age range | 50-74 | 50-70 | 50-75 | 55-74 | 50-65 | 50-69 | > 50 |
| Test | G-FOBT/FIT | FIT | FIT | FIT | FIT | FIT | FIT |
| Participation, n (%) | 104750 (16.1) | 323349 (48.2) | 984915 (21) | 25840 (45.4) | 80012 (62.9) | 1160895 (21.4) | 4938 |
| M, n (%) | 446590 (20.5) | 57.8% | 446290 (20.4) | ||||
| F, n (%) | 538325 (21.9) | 67.8% | 714605 (25) | ||||
| Positive test, n (%) | 4661 (4.4) | 5% | 73568 (7.5) | 2308 (8.9) | 873 (1.1) | 4% | 476 (9.6) |
| M, n (%) | 5.9% | 39233 (8.8) | 1.2% | 5% | |||
| F, n (%) | 3.4% | 34335 (6.4) | 1.1% | 3.4% | |||
| Colonoscopies performed | 80.5% | NA | 23117 (31.4) | 1265 (54.8) | 627 (71.8) | 80% | 279 (58.6) |
| Advanced adenoma, n (%) | NA | NA | NA | 176 (13.9) | 75 (12%) | 4284 | 75 (16) |
| PPV Advanced adenoma | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| CRC, n (%) | 86 | 1.2% | 67 (5.3) | 23 (3.7) | 2304 | 13 (1.1) | |
| PPV CRC | 4.4% | 3.4% | |||||
| CRC Detection rate per 1000 | 1.8 | NA | NA | 2.59 | 0.29 | 2.5 | 2 |
- Citation: Navarro M, Nicolas A, Ferrandez A, Lanas A. Colorectal cancer population screening programs worldwide in 2016: An update. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(20): 3632-3642
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v23/i20/3632.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i20.3632