Development of a human rotavirus induced diarrhea model in Chinese mini-pigs

Table 1 Infectivity (ID50) of the different G serotypes of human rotavirus inoculum for mini-pigs (3-5 d old)

Virus shedding1		Diarrhea3
Inoculum RVserotype (G)	Animalspecies	Animalnumber	Percentage shedding	Mean onset (d)	Mean duration (d)	Peak titer shed (FFUs/mL)	Percentage with diarrhea	Mean onset (d)	Mean cumulative faecal score
Wa (attenuate)	Guizhou	3	33%2	2	2	1 × 103	0	0	4
	Bamma	3	33%2	2	1	5 × 102	0	0	6
G1	Guizhou	3	100%	1	6	2 × 106	100% (3/3)	1.2	14
	Bamma	3	100%	1	6	1 × 106	100% (3/3)	1	12
G3	Guizhou	3	100%	1	7	2 × 107	100% (3/3)	1.5	16
	Bamma	3	100%	1	7	5 × 106	100% (3/3)	1	12
PBS	Guizhou	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Bamma	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

¹Determined by FFA assay;

²The virus shedding animal is randomly selected;

³Diarrhea present if daily fecal consistency score ≥ 2, mean cumulative fecal score = ∑ (Daily fecal scores from 1-7 DPI)/n. FFUs: Focus forming units; DPI: Days post infection.

Table 2 Inoculated mini-pigs with human rotavirus at different points in maturity

Age (d)	Number	Inoculum	Diarrhea1			Viral antigen shedding2
			Percentage (%)	Average (days happened)	Persistent (d)	Percentage (%)	Average (d)	Persistent (d)
3-5	3	G1 HRV	100 (3/3)	1	3-5	100 (3/3)	1	5-7
	3	G3 HRV	100 (3/3)	1	3-6	100 (3/3)	1	5-7
	2	PBS	0	0	0	0	0	0
30-35	3	G1 HRV	100 (3/3)	3	3-5	100 (3/3)	1	4-7
	2	PBS	0	0	0	0	0	0
56-60	3	G1 HRV	0	0	0	0	2	2-3
	2	PBS	0	0	0	0	0	0

¹Diarrhea present if daily fecal consistency score ≥ 2, mean cumulative fecal score = ∑ (Daily fecal scores from 1-7 DPI)/n;

²Determined by FFA assay. HRV: Human rotavirus; DPI: Days post infection.