Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 21, 2016; 22(31): 6987-7005
Published online Aug 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i31.6987
Table 1 Main prognostic factors reported in the MPACT and in PRODIGE 4/ACCORD 11 trials at multivariate analysis
Prognostic factors for metastatic pancreatic patients treated with
Gemcitabine-nab-paclitaxelFOLFIRINOX
Age < 65 yrAge > 65 yr
(HR = 0.81; P = 0.019)(HR = 1.47; P < 0.019)
Hepatic metastasesHepatic metastases
(HR = 1.81; P < 0.001)(HR = 1.58; P = 0.051)
Number of metastatic sites > 3Synchronous metastases
(HR = 1.08; P = 0.86)(HR = 2.47; P < 0.003)
KPS score, 70-80 vs 90-100Low baseline albumin level
(HR = 1.60; P < 0.001)(HR = 1.85; P < 0.001)
Region - Eastern Europe
(HR = 1.22; P = 0.077)
Table 2 Phase III clinical trials with new targeted anticancer agents combined with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients
Ref.Treatment armsPatientsResults
Kindler et al[69] J Clin Oncol 2010Gemcitabine + bevacizumab vs gemcitabine + placebo302OS: 5.8 mo vs 5.9 mo (P = 0.95)
PFS: 3.8 mo vs 2.9 mo (P = 0.07)
300RR: 13% vs 10% (P = NR)
Van Cutsem et al[70] J Clin Oncol 2009Erlotinib + gemcitabine + bevacizumab vs erlotinib + gemcitabine + placebo306OS: 7.1 mo vs 6.0 mo (P = 0.2087)
PFS: 4.6 mo vs 3.6 mo (P = 0.0002)
301RR: 13.5% vs 8.6% (P = 0.0574)
Rougier et al[71] Eur J Cancer 2013Gemcitabine + aflibercept vs gemcitabine + placebo271OS: 6.5 mo vs 7.8 mo (P = 0.2034)
PFS: 3.7 mo vs 3.7 mo (P = 0.8645)
275RR: NR
Kindler et al[73] Lancet Oncol 2011Gemcitabine + axitinib vs gemcitabine + placebo316OS: 8.5 mo vs 8.3 mo (P = 0.5436)
PFS: 4.4 mo vs 4.4 mo (P = 0.5203)
316RR: 5% vs 2% (P = 0.0180)
Gonçalves et al[74] Ann Oncol 2012Gemcitabine + sorafenib vs gemcitabine + placebo52OS: 8.0 mo vs 9.2 mo (P = 0.231)
PFS: 3.8 mo vs 5.7 mo (P = 0.902)
52RR: 23% vs 19% (P = NR)
Philip et al[94] J Clin Oncol 2010Gemcitabine + cetuximab vs gemcitabine372OS: 6.3 mo vs 5.9 mo (P = 0.19)
PFS: 3.4 mo vs 3.0 mo (P = 0.18)
371RR: 14% vs 12% (P = 0.59)
Table 3 miRNA candidates correlated to anticancer treatment resistance to the drugs in the FOLFIRINOX and nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine regimens in tissues and cells from solid tumors
DrugmiRNAExpression/polymorphismTumor typeRef.
5-FUmiR-21OverexpressionPancreatic cancerDonahue et al[126], J Surg Oncol 2014
5-FU and irinotecanpri-miR26a-1rs7372209 polymorphismColorectal cancerBoni et al[132], Pharmacogenomics J 2011
5-FU and oxaliplatinmiR-106a, miR-484, miR-130bOverexpressionColorectal cancerKjersem et al[143], Mol Oncol 2014
5-FU, paclitaxel and oxaliplatinmiR-27aOverexpressionGastric cancerHuang et al[135], J Cell Biochem 2014
5-FU, capecitabine and oxaliplatinmiR-625-3p, miR-181b, miR-27bOverexpressionColorectal cancerRasmussen et al[133], Mol Oncol 2013
Irinotecan and cetuximabmiR-345OverexpressionColorectal cancerSchou et al[144], PLoS One 2014
OxaliplatinmiR-203OverexpressionColorectal cancerZhou et al[145], Mol Oncol 2014
Carboplatin and paclitaxel ± sorafenibmiR-659-3pDownregulationMelanomaVillaruz et al[136], Clin Epigenetics 2015
PaclitaxelmiR-200cDownregulationOvarian and endometrial cancerCochrane et al[146], Mol Cancer Ther 2009
PaclitaxelmiR-145DownregulationOvarian cancerZhu et al[147], Int J Cancer 2014
PaclitaxelmiR-17-5pDownregulationLung cancerAggarwal et al[148], Planta Med 2008
GemcitabinemiR-21OverexpressionPancreatic cancerHwang et al[127], PLoS One 2010
Giovannetti et al[128], Cancer Res 2010
Caponi et al[129], Ann Oncol 2013
GemcitabinemiR-21, miR-23a, miR-27aOverexpressionPancreatic cancerFrampton et al[131], Gastroenterology 2014