Characteristics and outcomes of chronic liver disease patients with acute deteriorated liver function by severity of underlying liver disease

Table 1 Predisposition, injury and response according to the subtypes n (%)

	Type A (n = 34)	Type B (n = 53)	Type C (n = 80)	P value
Age (yr)c	51.9 ± 10.3	54.0 ± 10.3	58.0 ± 11.1	0.010
Male	20 (58.8)	32 (60.4)	59 (73.8)	0.159
Predisposition
HBVc	21 (61.8)	19 (35.9)	28 (35.0)	0.020
Alcoholac	4 (11.8)	25 (47.2)	33 (41.3)	0.001
HCV	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	6 (7.5)	0.051
Autoimmunec	6 (17.7)	2 (3.8)	2 (2.5)	0.008
Others	3 (8.8)	7 (13.2)	11 (13.8)	0.827
Injury
Hepaticace	30 (88.2)	31 (58.5)	9 (11.3)	< 0.001
Extrahepaticace	0 (0.0)	13 (24.5)	44 (55.0)	< 0.001
Unknowne	4 (11.8)	4 (7.6)	23 (28.8)	0.005
Both (hepatic + extrahepatic)	0 (0.0)	5 (9.4)	4 (5.0)	0.165
Response
MELD score	29 ± 8.3	27 ± 5.7	26 ± 6.3	0.137
SIRS	9 (26.5)	19 (35.9)	30 (37.5)	0.516
Organ failures by CLIF-SOFA
Type of organ failure
Nonee	8 (23.5)	8 (15.1)	28 (35.0)	0.035
Hepatic/coagulationce	19 (55.9)	34 (64.2)	21 (26.3)	0.000
Extrahepaticc	7 (20.6)	11 (20.8)	31 (38.8)	0.038
Specific organ type
Hepaticce	26 (76.5)	42 (79.3)	28 (35.0)	< 0.001
Coagulation	10 (29.4)	11 (20.8)	21 (26.3)	0.630
Renal	7 (20.6)	5 (9.4)	17 (21.3)	0.182
Cerebral	2 (5.9)	4 (7.6)	11 (13.8)	0.418
Circulatoryce	1 (2.9)	4 (7.6)	16 (20.0)	0.021
Respiratory	2 (5.9)	1 (1.9)	4 (5.0)	0.679
Number of organ failure
Nonee	8 (23.5)	8 (15.1)	28 (35.0)	0.035
Onee	13 (38.2)	29 (54.7)	26 (32.5)	0.036
≥ 2	13 (38.2)	16 (30.2)	26 (32.5)	0.733

^aP < 0.05 Type A vs B using Bonferroni’s post hoc test;

^cP < 0.05 Type A vs C using Bonferroni’s post hoc test;

^eP < 0.05 Type B vs C using Bonferroni’s post hoc test. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; MELD: Model for end stage liver disease; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; CLIF-SOFA: Chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure assessment.

Table 2 Specific injury according to the acute on chronic liver failure type n (%)

	Type A	Type B	Type C	P value
HBV flareace	17 (50.0)	11 (20.8)	4 (5.0)	< 0.001
Alcoholae	3 (8.8)	19 (35.9)	6 (7.5)	< 0.001
HAV	3 (8.8)	1 (1.9)	1 (1.3)	0.130
Toxine	5 (14.7)	9 (17.0)	3 (3.8)	0.021
AIH flarec	7 (20.6)	2 (3.8)	0 (0.0)	< 0.001
Infectionac	0 (0.0)	13 (24.5)	32 (40.0)	< 0.001
Varix bleeding	0 (0.0)	3 (5.7)	11 (13.8)	0.035
Other bleeding	0 (0.0)	2 (3.8)	6 (7.5)	0.215
Unknowne	4 (11.8)	4 (7.6)	23 (28.8)	0.005

^aP < 0.05, Type A vs B using Bonferroni’s post hoc test;

^cP < 0.05 Type A vs C using Bonferroni’s post hoc test;

^eP < 0.05 Type B vs C using Bonferroni’s post hoc test. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HAV: Hepatitis A virus; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis.