Association of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase with treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis B patients

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients and healthy controls

Characteristic	HC (n = 83 )	IT (n = 47 )	EPH (n = 93 )	ENH (n = 20 )	IC (n = 55 )
Age (yr)	30.0 (22.0-49.6)	26.0 (20.0-32.2)a	29.0 (23.0-40.0)	41.0 (20.2-57.8)	32.0 (23.6-46.0)
Sex (male/female)	49/34	29/18	70/23	15/5	30/25
HBV DNA (log10 copies/mL)	ND	7.78 (6.77-8.62)c	7.07 (5.67-8.05)c	4.99 (3.76-7.52)	UD
ALT (ULN)	0.42 (0.26-0.77)	0.59 (0.43-0.90)	3.80 (1.94-14.14)b	2.99 (1.99-11.75)b	0.59 (0.31-0.89)
Tbil (μmol/L)	13.90 (9.10-21.62)	12.80 (8.60-30.20)	19.20 (12.80-42.90)	16.55 (10.73-28.08)	15.40 (9.38-25.66)

Data shown are the median (10%-90% percentile);

^aP < 0.05 vs all groups;

^bP < 0.05 vs IT and IC;

^cP < 0.01 vs ENH. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; EPH: HBeAg-positive hepatitis; ENH: HBeAg-negative hepatitis; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HC: Healthy control; IC: Inactive carrier; IT: Immune tolerance; ND: Not determined; Tbil: Total bilirubin; UD: Undetectable; ULN: Upper limit of normal.

Table 2 Comparisons of the baseline characteristics between non-complete response and complete response patients

Characteristic	All patients (n = 33)	NCR (n = 26)	CR (n = 7)	P value1
Age (yr)	28.0 (23.0-41.8)	26.5 (22.7-37.0)	33.0 (24.0-53.0)	0.060
Sex (male/female)	27/6	20/6	7/0	0.301
HBV DNA (log10 copies/mL)	7.41 (6.13-8.17)	7.33 (6.29-8.17)	7.41 (5.65-8.66)	0.736
ALT (ULN)	3.47 (1.79-16.27)	3.39 (1.90-8.82)	6.88 (1.58-51.20)	0.011
GGT (ULN)	0.89 (0.36-2.48)	0.85 (0.34-1.78)	1.48 (0.70-3.14)	0.011

¹Comparison made between NCR and CR groups. Data shown are the median (10^th-90^th percentile). ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; CR: Complete response; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; NCR: Non-complete response; ULN: Upper limit of normal.

Table 3 Comparisons of the baseline characteristics between lamivudine plus adefovir and entecavir treated patients

Characteristic	LAM + ADV	ETV	P value
	(n = 20)	(n = 13)
Age (yr)	29.5 (23.0-47.8)	24.0 (22.4-41.8)	0.158
Sex (male/female)	17/3	10/3	0.659
HBV DNA (log10 copies/mL)	7.25 (5.96-7.98)	7.56 (6.02-8.44)	0.334
ALT (ULN)	3.59 (1.66-16.56)	3.12 (1.79-17.23)	0.548
GGT (ULN)	1.01 (0.60-2.55)	0.76 (0.33-2.55)	0.137

Data shown are the median (10^th-90^th percentile). ADV: Adefovir; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ETV: Entecavir; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; LAM: Lamivudine; ULN: Upper limit of normal.