Transcatheter arterial infusion for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Who are candidates?

Table 1 Patient characteristics (n = 95)

Variables	Value
Sex, male/female	76/19
Age (yr): median (range)	68 (37-82)
ECOG-PS: 0/1/2	62/28/5
Etiology HBV/HCV/Others	72/12/11
Child-Pugh: A/B/C	49/42/4
Maximum tumor diameter (mm): median (range)	30.0 (10.0-160.0)
Tumor distribution: unilateral/bilateral	22/73
Portal vein tumor thrombosis: yes/no	19/76
AFP (ng/mL), median (range)	86.0 (1.9-5856.0)
DCP (mAU/mL), median (range)	117 (0-204030)
Previous treatment
Surgical resection	4
PEI	25
RFA	8
TACE	34
None	24

ECOG-PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-performance status; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin; PEI: Percutaneous ethanol injection; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

Table 2 Chemotherapeutic regimens for hepatocellular carcinoma

Regimen	No. of patients
Cisplatin	35
Carboplatin	21
Epirubicin	13
SMANCS	12
Miriplatin	6
5-fluorouracil	5
Doxorubicin	2
Pirarubicin	1

SMANCS: Poly (styrene-co-maleic acid)-neocarzinostatin.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of the prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Sex (male)	1.20 (0.60-2.37)	0.62
Age (≥ 70 yr)	0.94 (0.59-1.70)	0.81
ECOG-PS (1 or 2)	2.81 (1.58-5.02)	< 0.01	2.38 (1.29-4.39)	< 0.01
Platelet count (≥ 10.0 × 104/mm3)	2.07 (1.22-3.53)	< 0.01
AST (≥ 70 IU/L)	1.55 (0.92-2.61)	0.10
ALT (≥ 53 IU/L)	1.23 (0.73-2.09)	0.44
LDH (≥ 230 IU/L)	1.92 (1.14-3.22)	0.01	2.03 (1.19-3.45)	< 0.01
Total bilirubin (≥ 1.0 mg/dL)	1.88 (1.11-3.18)	0.02
Albumin (≥ 3.0 g/dL)	0.80 (0.43-1.48)	0.47
Prothrombin (≥ 70%)	0.48 (0.26-0.88)	0.02
Maximum tumor diameter (≥ 30 mm)	1.27 (0.74-2.16)	0.39
Tumor distribution (bilateral)	1.12 (0.62-2.02)	0.71
Portal vein tumor thrombosis	1.78 (0.45-2.19)	0.14
AFP (≥ 100 mg/ml)	1.25 (0.74-2.11)	0.40
DCP (≥ 1000 mAU/mL)	1.20 (0.67-1.45)	0.33
Prior TACE	2.38 (1.34-4.24)	< 0.01	2.34 (1.28-4.28)	< 0.01

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ECOG-PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-performance status; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin; TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.