Association between diabetes mellitus and gastroesophageal reflux disease: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis

Ref.	Country	MeanAge (yr)	Men	No. of subjects
				GERD (+) DM(+)	GERD (+) DM(-)	GERD (-) DM(+)	GERD (-) DM(-)
Yönem et al[19]	Turkey	42.57	50.7%	42	217	90	996
Kim et al[15]	South Korea	46.7	59.0%	119	1691	987	19167
Chen et al[20]	China	62.5	41.4%	28	122	766	7134
Tseng et al[17]	Taiwan	52.3	56.9%	248	2018	474	5030
Jansson et al[21]	Sweden	48.0	47.0%	79	2744	847	35893
Chiba et al[14]	Japan	33.9	77.6%	50	678	117	4145
Rubenstein et al[22]	United States	58.7	100.0%	52	166	91	460
Ou et al[16]	Taiwan	51.4	58.6%	60	292	188	1500
Hsu et al[18]	Taiwan	51.7	46.2%	8	123	28	584

GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; DM: Diabetes mellitus.