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Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Feb 28, 2014; 20(8): 1951-1960
Published online Feb 28, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i8.1951
Table 1 Minimum lymph node sampling recommended for a correct staging
Under 12 LNsLNsAt least 12 LNsLNsOver 12 LNsLNs
nnn
Caplin et al[65]7Nir et al[18]12Swanson et al[57]13
Maurel et al[66]8Norwood et al[19]12Wong et al[71]14
Mekenkamp et al[67]8Stocchi et al[41]12Tepper et al[72]14
Yoshimatsu et al[26]9Wong et al[46]12Wong et al[73]14
Sarli et al[35]9Kukreja et al[50]12Chen et al[48]15
Cianchi et al[68]9Nelson et al[51]12Mukai et al[74]15
Lee et al[58]12Goldstein et al[75]17
Bilimoria et al[69]12Tsai et al[25]18
Storli et al[70]12Le Voyer et al[27]20
Joseph et al[76] 03 (T3)30
Joseph et al[76] 03 (T4)40
Table 2 What “could interfere” with the lymph node count
Modifiable factorsSurgeonsPathologist
SpecializationLack of training
Case volumeLack of time
Surgical techniqueTechniques
Emergency
Extension
Laparoscopy
Unmodifiable factorsPatient relatedDisease related
Advanced ageTumor site
FemaleTumor staging
ObesityPre-operative radiotherapy
Table 3 Surgeon’s experience vs lymph nodes harvested
Surgeon's experienceStatistical analysisLN harvested (expert vs no expert)
Leung et al[11]> 15 yrMA: se independent factor (P < 0.05)13 vs 11 LN
Valsecchi et al[21]5 colon/yrMA: se significant predictor (P = 0.001)Not specified
Shaw et al[23]Colorectal surgeonUA: se P = 0.00211 vs 9 LN
Stocchi et al[41]Largest case volumeMA: se independent variable (P = 0.018)86% vs 83.6% pts with ≥ 12 LN
Table 4 Lymph node sampling in laparoscopic vs open approaches
Laparoscopy
Open
PatientsLNsPatientsLNs
nnnn
COST[91]4351242812
Veldkamp et al[92]6271062110
Guillou et al[93]5261226813.5
Kang et al[94]1701717018
Braga et al[95]13414.513415.3
Hewett et al[96]2941329813
Liang et al[97]13515.613416
Leung et al[98]20311.120012.1
Benhaim et al[99]23526.829625.9