Risk factors for proximal migration of biliary tube stents

Table 1 Diseases requiring bile duct stenting

Diseases	n	Migrated	Non migrated
Benign	227	12	215
Common bile duct stone	133	3	130
Chronic pancreatitis	62	4	58
Autoimmune pancreatitis	14	2	12
Trauma	8	1	7
Post operation	6	2	4
PSC	4	0	4
Malignant	169	2	167

PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Table 2 Disease

Diseases	n	Migrated	Non migrated	P value
Benign	227	12	215	0.03
Malignant	169	2	167
EST	263	11	252	0.400
Non EST	133	3	130
Low	156	10	146	0.031
Hilar or middle	107	1	106
Bile duct > 10 mm	154	11	143	0.023
Bile duct ≤ 10 mm	135	2	133
≤ 1 m	263	4	259	0.007
> 1 m	133	10	123

EST: Endoscopic sphincterectomy.

Table 3 Stent shape, diameter and length

Stent	Factor	n	Migrated	Non migrated	P value
Stent shape	Pig-tail	263	3	260	< 0.001
	Straight	133	11	122
Stent diameter	7 Fr	280	3	277	< 0.001
	10 Fr	116	11	105
Stent length	5 cm	108	5	103	1.000
					0.530
	7 cm	270	8	262	2.000
					> 0.990
	9 cm	18	1	17	3.000
					0.450

5 cm vs 7 cm; 2.5 cm vs 9 cm; 3.7 cm vs 9 cm.