Utility of endoscopic ultrasound in patients with portal hypertension

Table 1 Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification of the severity of cirrhosis

Points1	1	2	3
Ascites	None	Mild/moderate	Tense
Encephalopathy	None	Grade 1-2	Grade 3-4
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	< 2	2-3	> 3
Albumin (g/dL)	> 3.5	2.3-3.5	< 2.8
INR	< 1.7	1.7-2.3	> 2.3

¹5-6 points: Child A; 7-9 points: Child B; 10-15 points: Child C. INR: International normalised ratio.

Table 2 Summary of the use of endoscopic ultrasound in portal hypertension

Diagnosis of gastroesophageal varices

Visualization of collateral veins

Endoscopic ultrasound-guide therapy of gastroesophageal varices such as sclerotherapy and cyanoacrylate injection

Assessment of variceal recurrence and rebleeding

Evaluation of efficacy of pharmacotherapy

Assessment of portal hemodynamics

Tissue and fluid acquisition of ascites and focal liver lesions