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Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 7, 2014; 20(33): 11650-11670
Published online Sep 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i33.11650
Table 1 Phage display in vaccine discovery
StrategyPhage (carrier)Vector (target)Epitope/mimotope/geneVaccinationResultsRef.
Display of immunogens on phage particlesT7 (10B)T7 Select 415-Ba” determinant of HBsAg (residues 111-156)Rabbit (subcutaneous) Freund’s complete adjuvantAnti-HBsAg antibody inducedTan et al[78]
M13 (pVIII)pC89 with helper phage VASM13HBsAg28-39Mice (intradermal and intraperitoneal) no adjuvant addedMHC class I restricted HBsAg specific CTL responseWan et al[40]
M13 (pIII)pCANTAB5E with helper phage M13KO7PreS1NANAKok et al[41]
M13 (pIII)pCANTAB5E with helper phage M13KO7HBcAgMice (intraperitoneal) incomplete Freund’s adjuvantAnti-HBcAg antibody inducedBahadir et al[42]
Identification of epitope or mimotope mimicsM13 nonapeptide library (pVIII)(Selected from HBV-infected sera)Φ13 CRTCAHPGEHA Φ17 CIPFYLSAPQC Φ30 CGPFFLSPTSC Φ41 CGPFFLAASVCMice (intraperitoneal) no adjuvant addedAnti-HBsAg antibody inducedFolgori et al[54]
M13 (pVIII and pIII)(Selected from HBV-infected sera)Φ13, Φ35 (CVTCDTPPTY) ΦIII/17, ΦIII41 and ΦpIII/13Mice (intranasal/oral) cholera toxin as adjuvantAnti-HBsAg antibody inducedDelmastro et al[56]
Phage-delivered DNA vaccineλλ-gt11HBsAg geneMice (subcutaneous)Anti-HBsAg antibody inducedClark et al[59]
λλ-gt11HBsAg geneRabbits (Intramuscular)Anti-HBsAg antibody inducedClark et al[61]
Table 2 Epitope mapping of anti-hepatitis B virus antibodies
Antibodies againstPhage library usedEpitopesRemarksRef.
PreS1 region
MA 18/7M13 pIII 6-merALDPAY, SLDPGF, PDPGFN, QLDPGFThe dipeptide DP was conserved from rounds 2 to 4 among all the analyzed phagotopes. Selected peptides were mapped to amino acids 19-23 of the PreS1 regionGermaschewski et al[134]
MA 18/7M13 15-mer linerSDTRGDPVFNLPFQ APVDSVFDRAFSAYLIsolated peptides contain motif similar to LDPAFD'Mello et al[135]
MA BX-182M13 pIII 12-mer linearSVPPPHTRSASGPeptide matched amino acids 17SVPNP21 of the PreS1Zhang et al[144]
M13 pIII 7-mer disulfide constrainedCTNPVLRSCPeptide spatially matched some amino acids within the same region but in a C- to N-terminal direction
PreS2 region
HBsAg polyclonal seraM13 pIII 12-mer linearTANGFYRLPSGSPeptide sequence mapped to amino acids 135-146 of the PreS2 regionZhang et al[136]
S-region
MA RFHBs6M13 pIII 15-mer linearTSNTHAC(R/K)TCSNPSRThe peptide sequence is similar to amino acids 115-129 of the S regionMotti et al[140]
MA BA1M13 pIII 15-mer linearPHDGNRAFPRTKVTM HMPRDANRHHQHPST SSLGSDHNARWVKRFLow sequence homology with the S region
MA 6H6B6M13 pIII 12-mer linearWPHNWWPHFKVKPeptide sequence homology not foundJolivet-Reynaud et al[137]
M13 pIII 6-mer linearQGFLPQPeptide sequence mapped to amino acids 101-105 of the S-region
MA H166, H5, H35, H53M13 pIII 30-mer linear1Peptide Xn-CXTC-XnSequence motif of CXTC was mapped to amino acids 121-124 of the S-regionChen et al[138]
IgG derived from S-HBsAg immunized chimpanzeeM13 pIII 6-mer linearTRVPRR, SRLPLR, SRLPKRSequence motif SxxPxR was mapped to amino acids 117-122 of the S-HBsAgGermaschewski et al[139]