Clinical implications of hepatitis B virus mutations: Recent advances

Table 1 Hepatitis B virus mutations and their clinical implications

Type of mutation	Clinical implication	Mutation
HBsAg mutations	Vaccine-escape	T116N[24], P120S/E[17,18,25], I/T126A/N/I/S[19,25-28], Q129H/R[26,29,30], M133L[29,30], K141E[16,26,28], P142S[19,20,26,28], D144A/E[19,25,26,30],G145R/A[11-20,31-37]
	OBI	Y100S[50], Q101R[50], P105R[50], T115N[50], T116N[50], G119R[51], P120L[50], R122P[50], T123N[50], C124R/Y[51], T126I/S[50,51], P127H/L[50], Q129P/R[50,51], M133T[50] Y134C[50], S136P[51], C139R[51], T140I[51], K141E[51], S143L[50], D144A[51], G145R/A[51-53], S167L[50], R169H[50], S174N[50], L175S[50], V177A[50], Q181STOP[54]
Basal core promoter /precore mutations	HBeAg-negative hepatitis	T1753C[62], A1762T[59,60], G1764A[59,60], C1766T[62], T1768A[62], G1896A[63,64], G1899A[63,64]
	HCC	C1653T[68], T1753C[68], A1762T[66-68], G1764A[66-68], G1896A[68], G1899A[68]
	Fulminant hepatitis	A1762T[70], G1764A[70], G1862T[69,70], G1896A[70]
X gene mutations	HCC	3’-HBx deletion[82]
Antiviral drug-resistant mutations	LAM/L-dT-resistance	rtL80V/I[84], rtI169T[84], rtV173L[84], rtL180M[84], rtA181T/V[105], rtT184S/G[84], rtS202I[84], rtM204V/I[84], rtQ215S[84]
	ADF-resistance	rtA181T/V[96,105], rtI233V[97,98], rtN236T[96]
	ETV-resistance	rtL180M[85], rtT184G/S[85], rtS202I/G[85], rtM204V[85,108], rtM250V[85]
	TDF-resistance	rtP177G[103], rtA194T[102], rtF249A[103]

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; OBI: Occult HBV infection; LAM: Lamivudine; L-dT: Telbivudine; ADF: Adefovir; ETV: Entecavir; TDF: Tenofovir; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.