Hyperamylasemia is associated with increased intestinal permeability in patients undergoing diagnostic oral double-balloon enteroscopy

Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and procedural information for included patients undergoing oral or anal double-balloon enteroscopy (n = 20) n (%)

	Oral DBE (n = 12)	Anal DBE (n = 8)
Age (yr), mean ± SD	50.42 ± 11.11	44.75 ± 12.66
Gender
Male	5 (41.7)	5 (62.5)
Female	7 (58.3)	3 (37.5)
Indications
Abdominal pain	5 (41.7)	3 (37.5)
Abdominal distension	4 (33.3)	1 (12.5)
Anemia	3 (25.0)	1 (12.5)
Intermittent diarrhea	0 (0.0)	3 (37.5)
Procedure, mean ± SD
Duration (min)	71.92 ± 20.19	65.63 ± 17.80
Length of insertion (m)	3.55 ± 1.42	2.8 ± 1.09
Adverse events
Abdominal discomfort/distention	2 (16.7)	2 (25.0)
Pancreatic injury (elevated urinary trypsinogen-II)	1 (8.3)	0

DBE: Double-balloon enteroscopy.

Table 2 Serum and urine biochemical markers in patients undergoing oral or anal double-balloon enteroscopy (n = 20)

	Oral DBE (n = 12)	Anal DBE (n = 8)
Serum amylase (U/L)
0 h	63.08 ± 25.13	53.88 ± 17.35
2 h	150.92 ± 87.98a	63.50 ± 19.82a
6 h	160.83 ± 99.61a	66.25 ± 20.89a
24 h	90.75 ± 41.98a	57.38 ± 15.81
Serum amylase ratio (vs at 0 h)
2 h	2.41 ± 1.08c	1.19 ± 0.15
6 h	2.54 ± 1.08c	1.24 ± 0.11
24 h	1.51 ± 0.53c	1.10 ± 0.24
Serum C-reaction protein (mg/L) at 24 h	7.46 ± 6.501	6.91 ± 8.95
Urine lactulose (mg/L)
0 h	0.571 ± 0.134	0.481 ± 0.096
6 h	0.691 ± 0.139	0.294 ± 0.081
Urine mannitol (mg/L)
0 h	7.881 ± 2.664	7.726 ± 2.247
6 h	8.059 ± 2.131	4.308 ± 1.802
Urine lactulose/mannitol ratio
0 h	0.083 ± 0.0482	0.067 ± 0.023
6 h	0.095 ± 0.049a3	0.075 ± 0.028a

^aP < 0.05 vs 0 h value;

^cP < 0.05 vs anal double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) group;

¹P = 0.3191 vs anal DBE group (Wilcoxon test);

²P = 0.3941 vs anal DBE group;

³P = 0.3296 vs anal DBE group.