Understanding the interaction of hepatitis C virus with host DEAD-box RNA helicases

Table 1 Target sequences of short interfering RNA of a selected group of DEAD-box proteins used in this study

siRNA	Sequence	Ref.
Control	AAA ACG UUC UGA UGC CUU AAG	From SARS genome
DDX3	CGC UUG GAA CAG GAA CUC UUU	Chang et al[100]
DDX5	AAG UGG AAU CUU GAU GAG CUG	Goh et al[68]
DDX6	GCA GAA ACC CUA UGA GAU UUU	Chu and Rana[89]

siRNA: Short interfering RNA.

Table 2 Summary of selected members of the DEAD-box family that are involved in hepatitis C virus replication and/or have been implicated in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

Dead-box family	Alternate names	Interaction with HCV	Effect on HCV replication	Ref.	Effect on HCC	Ref.
DDX1	DBP-RB UKVH5d	HCV 3’ (+) UTR and 5’ (-) UTR	Unknown	NA	Unknown	NA
DDX3	DDX3X DBX DDX14 HLP2	HCV core	Required for HCV replication	Ariumi et al[59] Randall et al[60] Angus et al[66]	Overexpressed in HCC	Huang et al[97] Li et al[98] Liu et al[99]
					Downregulated in HCC	Chang et al[100] Chao et al[101]
DDX5	p68 G17P1 HLR1 HUMP68	HCV NS5B	Inhibit an early step and promote a late step in viral replication	Data presented herein Kuroki et al[75]	Downregulated in HCC	Kitagawa et al[86]
DDX6	Rck P54 HLR2	HCV core	Required for HCV replication	Scheller et al[78] Jangra et al[79] Pager et al[80] Huys et al[81]	Overexpressed in HCC	Miyaji et al[88]
DDX17	P72 RP3-434P1.1 RH70	Unknown	Unknown	NA	Downregulated in HCC	Kitagawa et al[86]
DDX20	Gemin3 DP103	Unknown	Unknown	NA	Downregulated in HCC	Takata et al[94]

HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; NA: Not applicable.