Deep sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy: Propofol-fentanyl and midazolam-fentanyl regimens

Table 1 Sedation regimens

Midazolam-fentanyl
Midazolam
Initial dose
ASA I	3-5 mg
ASA II or III	2-3 mg
Maintenance	0.5-1.0 mg every 2-3 min, up to a maximum cumulative dose of 10 mg or 0.1 mg/kg of body weight
Fentanyl
Single dose
ASA I	50 μg
ASA II or III	20-30 μg
Propofol-fentanyl
Propofol
Initial dose
ASA I	0.5 mg/kg
ASA II or III	0.25 mg/kg
Maintenance	10-20 mg bolus at 60 s intervals
Fentanyl
Single dose
ASA I	50 μg
ASA II or III	20-30 μg

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Patient characteristics

Variable	Group		Total	P value
	Midazolam-fentanyl	Propofol-fentanyl
Sex
Female	66 (60.0)	71 (71.0)	137 (68.5)	0.543
Male	34 (34.0)	29 (29.0)	63 (31.5)
ASA
I	63 (63.0)	55 (55.0)	118 (59.0)	0.316
II	37 (37.0)	44 (44.0)	81 (40.5)
III	0 (0.0)	1 (0.5)	1 (0.5)
Age (yr)	52.14 ± 15.01	54.40 ± 15.44		0.352
Weight (kg)	67.45 ± 11.28	70.93 ± 17.64		0.242
Height (cm)	1.62 ± 0.09	1.61 ± 0.10		0.546
BMI (kg/m2)	25.91 ± 4.54	27.39 ± 6.59		0.251
DM proportion	4.5%	7.5%		0.276
SH proportion	16.0%	18.0%		0.640
Cardiopathy proportion	0.5%	0.0%		0.999
Other proportion	11.5%	9.0%		0.404

Data are expressed as absolute numbers (percentage) or mean ± SD. BMI: Body mass index; DM: Diabetes mellitus; SH: Systemic hypertension.

Table 3 Level of sedation n (%)

Variable	Group		Total	P value
	Midazolam-fentanyl	Propofol-fentanyl
OAA/S score
1	11 (11.0)	25 (25.0)	36 (18.0)	0.014
2-4	88 (88.0)	73 (73.0)	161 (80.5)
5	1(1.0)	2 (2.0)	3 (1.5)
BIS
≤ 65	7 (7.0)	19 (19.0)	26 (13.0)	0.039
66-85	75 (75.0)	67 (67.0)	142 (71.0)
> 85	18 (18.0)	14 (14.0)	32 (16.0)

OAA/S: Observer's assessment of alertness/sedation score; BIS: Bispectral index.