Efficacy and safety of over-the-scope clip: Including complications after endoscopic submucosal dissection

Table 1 Database of patients who underwent over-the-scope clip device placement

No.	Sex	Age	Location	Primary disease	Maximum lesion size (mm)	Prior treatment history	No. of OTSCs	Operation time (min)	Time from diagnosis (wk)	Technical/overall clinical successful	Additional treatment	Complication	Stay in hospital after OTSC placement (d)	Duration of follow-up (d)
1	M	86	Lower esophagus	Iatrogenic perforation caused by stomach tube	20	None	1	5	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	6	56
2	M	74	Stomach	Delayed perforation after ESD	40	None	2	24	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	10	90
3	F	82	Stomach	Perforation after ESD	25	None	2	20	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	7	8
4	M	80	Stomach	Peptic ulcer with bleeding	15	Hemostatic forceps	1	8	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	21	30
5	F	71	Stomach	Peptic ulcer with perforation	40	None	2	23	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	7	58
6	F	88	Stomach	Gastrocutaneous fistula	10	None	1	18	> 4	Yes/yes	None	None	8	84
7	M	98	Stomach	Bleeding due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome	12	None	1	12	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	6	15
8	M	73	Duodenum	Para-anastomotic ulcer bleeding	15	Clips	2	21	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	8	18
9	M	80	Duodenal bulb	Peptic ulcer with bleeding	23	Clips and hemostatic forceps	2	30	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	10	52
10	M	74	Duodenal bulb	Peptic ulcer with perforation	5	None	1	8	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	13	194
11	F	73	Duodenal bulb	Prevention of post-ESD perforation	25	None	1	10	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	7	95
12	M	75	3rd portion of duodenum	Delayed perforation after ESD	28	None	2	36	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	15	210
13	F	85	Rectum	Rectovesical fistula	15	None	2	30	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	9	28
14	F	88	Rectum	Iatrogenic rectal perforation/fistula	25	None	1	8	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	10	30
15	M	73	Stomach	Peptic ulcer with bleeding	20	Clips and HSE	N/A	N/A	1-4	No/no	Hemostatic forceps	N/A	N/A	N/A
16	M	64	Stomach	Peptic ulcer with bleeding	50	Hemostatic forceps	N/A	N/A	1-4	No/no	Hemostatic forceps	N/A	N/A	N/A
17	F	65	Sigmoid colon	Perforation after ESD	35	None	1	7	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	8	160
18	F	83	Sigmoid colon	Perforation after ESD	40	None	3	16	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	8	90
19	F	88	Stomach	Perforation caused by a local injection needle	50	None	3	51	1-4	Yes/no	Surgery	N/A	N/A	N/A
20	M	65	Rectum	Postoperative anastomotic ulcer bleeding	5	Hemostatic forceps	1	6	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	8	14
21	M	65	Rectum	Postoperative anastomotic ulcer bleeding	5	Hemostatic forceps	2	19	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	7	30
22	M	73	Sigmoid colon	Refractory diverticular bleeding	5	Clips	1	7	< 1	Yes/yes	None	None	5	10
23	M	73	Stomach	Gastrobronchial fistula	28	Bronchial embolization	1	40	> 4	Yes/no	May be given in future	N/A	N/A	N/A

OTSC: Over-the-scope clip; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; M: Male; F: Female; N/A: Not available; HSE: Hypertonic saline-epinephrine injection therapy.

Table 2 Relationship between each characters and overall clinical success rate n (%)

	Patients	Overall clinical success
Location
Esophagus	1	1 (100)
Stomach	10	6 (60)
Duodenum	5	5 (100)
Colon	3	3 (100)
Rectum	4	4 (100)
Primary disease
GI bleeding	9	7 (77)
Chronic fistulae	4	3 (75)
Perforation	11	10 (90)
Maximum lesion size (mm)
< 20	9	9 (100)
20-30	8	6 (75)
> 30	6	4 (66)
Time from diagnosis (wk)
< 1	18	18 (100)
1-4	3	0 (0)
> 4	2	1 (50)