Significance of regenerating islet-derived type IV gene expression in gastroenterological cancers

Table 1 Human Reg family

Superfamily member	Length of amino acid	Chromosome localization	Main function
RegIA	166	2p12	Islet cell regeneration, diabetogenesis and pancreatic lithogenesis
RegIB	166	2p12	Islet cell regeneration, diabetogenesis and pancreatic lithogenesis
RegIIIA	175	2p12	Cell proliferation and differentiation in pancreatic inflammation and liver carcinogenesis
RegIIIG	175	2p12	Lectin-mediated innate immunity by binding intestinal bacteria, forming symbiotic host-microbial relationships
RegIV	158	1p12	Cell proliferation and cell regeneration. Carcinogenesis and anti-apoptosis in gastroenterological cancers

Reg: Regenerating gene; RegIV: Regenerating islet-derived type IV.

Table 2 Articles reporting regenerating islet-derived type IV as anti-apoptic factor

Author	Year	Type of cancer	Result
Bishnupuri et al[46]	2006	Colorectal	RegIV induces cell survival against radiation, and regulates Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL
Mitani et al[19]	2007	Gastric	RegIV inhibited 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis, and induced DPD expression
Eguchi et al[44]	2009	Pancreatic	RegIV decreased the sensitivity to radiation and gemcitabine

RegIV: Reporting regenerating islet-derived type IV; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; Bcl-xL: B-cell lymphoma-extra large; DPD: Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase.

Table 3 Articles reporting regenerating islet-derived type IV as biomarker

Author	Year	Type of cancer	Result
Oue et al[18]	2007	Colorectal	Serum RegIV concentration was significantly elevated in patients with liver metastases than those without
Mitani et al[19]	2007	Gastric	Presurgical serum RegIV was significantly elevated compared with healthy individuals
Kobayashi et al[59]	2010	Gastric	Presurgical serum RegIV was significantly different in early and advanced cancer, compared with healthy individuals

RegIV: Reporting regenerating islet-derived type IV.

Table 4 Articles reporting regenerating islet-derived type IV-targetted therapy

Author	Year	Method/type of cancer	Result
Bishunpuri et al[53]	2006	Transfection of rhR4/colorectal	Increase in pEGFR and pAkt
Takehara et al[20]	2006	Transfection of rhR4 and siRNA/pancreatic	Significant reduction in viable cells andincrease in pAkt
Legoffic et al[72]	2009	RegIV antibody injection/pancreatic	Significant reductions in Akt, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL

rhR4: Recombinant human regenerating islet-derived type IV; RegIV: Human regenerating islet-derived type IV; siRNA: Small interfering RNA; pEGFR: Phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor; pAkt: Phosphorylated protein kinase B; Akt: Protein kinase B; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; Bcl-xL: B-cell lymphoma-extra large.