15-PGDH is reduced and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in gastric carcinoma

Table 1 Polymerase chain reaction primers

Target genes	Primer sequence		Size (bp)	Annealing temperature (°C)
GAPDH	Sense	5'-CCACCCATGGCAAATTCCATGGCA-3'	593	62
	Antisense	5'-AACAAAGCCTGGACAAAT-3'
15-PGDH	Sense	5'-GCTGGAGTGAATAATGAGA-3'	285	55
	Antisense	5'-GCTGAGCGTGTGAATCCAACT-3'
Survivin	Sense	5'-GGCATGGGTGCCCCGAGGTT-3'	320	58
	Antisense	5'-AGAGGCCTCAATCCATGGCA-3'
BCL-2	Sense	5'-GGTGCCACCTGTGGTCCACCT-3'	458	54
	Antisense	5'-CCTCACTTGTGGCCCAGATAGG-3'
BAX	Sense	5'-CTGACATGTTTTCTGACGGC-3'	289	54
	Antisense	5'-TCAGCCCATCTTCTTCCAGA-3'
BCL-XL	Sense	5'-TTGGACAATGGACTGGTTG-3'	765	54
	Antisense	5'-GTAGAGTGGATGGTCAGTG-3'
BAK	Sense	5'-TGAAAAATGGCTTCGGGGCAAGGC-3'	642	54
	Antisense	5'-TCATGATTTGAAGAATCTTCGTACC-3'
p53	Sense	5'-CCTTCCCAGAAAACCTACCA-3'	371	59
	Antisense	5'-TCATAGGGCACCACCACACT-3'
p21	Sense	5'-CAGGGGACAGCAGAGGAAGA-3'	335	63
	Antisense	5'-GGGCGGCCAGGGTATGTAC-3'
p27	Sense	5'-ATGTCAAACGTGCGAGTGTC-3'	395	58
	Antisense	5'-TCTGTAGTAGAACTCGGGCAA-3'
p16	Sense	5'-GGGCTCTCACAACTAGGAA-3'	371	59
	Antisense	5'-CGGAGGAGGTGCTATTAACTC-3'

15-PGDH: 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase.

Table 2 Relationship between expression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase and clinicopathological parameters in gastric cancer

Clinicopathological parameters	Cases(n = 30)	IHC score	P values	Ratio (15-PGDH/GAPDH mRNA)	P values
Age (yr)			0.847		0.970
< 60	12	1.25 ± 1.22		0.21 ± 0.25
≥ 60	18	1.67 ± 1.10		0.21 ± 0.22
Sex			0.092		0.814
Male	23	1.39 ± 1.16		0.20 ± 0.21
Female	7	0.57 ± 0.79		0.23 ± 0.31
Location			0.891		0.407
Antrum	16	1.28 ± 1.27		0.20 ± 0.23
Fundus and corpus	6	1.00 ± 0.82		0.35 ± 0.36
Cardia	8	1.13 ± 0.99		0.17 ± 0.15
Size (diameter)			0.578		0.388
< 5 cm	14	1.07 ± 1.21		0.17 ± 0.15
≥ 5 cm	16	1.31 ± 1.08		0.24 ± 0.28
Pathological type			0.019		0.138
Well differentiated adenocarcinoma	4	2.50 ± 1.00		0.24 ± 0.10
Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma	9	1.44 ± 1.24		0.31 ± 0.25
Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma	9	1.11 ± 0.78		0.24 ± 0.27
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	5	0.60 ± 0.89a		0.06 ± 0.11a
Signet ring cell carcinoma	3	0.00 ± 0.00a		0.00 ± 0.00a
Distant metastasis			0.038		0.002
Negative	21	1.48 ± 1.17c		0.27 ± 0.24d
Positive	9	0.56 ± 0.73		0.06 ± 0.09
TNM stage			0.007		0.001
I	3	2.67 ± 1.15e		0.43 ± 0.25e
II	5	1.60 ± 1.52		0.47 ± 0.27e
III	7	1.57 ± 0.79		0.17 ± 0.15
IV	15	0.60 ± 0.74		0.09 ± 0.14

^aP < 0.05 vs well differentiated adenocarcinoma;

^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs distant metastasis;

^eP < 0.05 vs TNM stage IV. 15-PGDH: 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.