Vigorous, but differential mononuclear cell response of cirrhotic patients to bacterial ligands

Table 1 Biochemical characteristics of non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients

	Non-Cirrhotic	Cirrhotic
	(n = 10)	(n = 10)
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.8 (0.6-1.2)	1.2 (0.5-28.5)
Albumin (g/dL)	4.0 (1.8-4.2)	3.3 (1.2-4.1)
PT (sec/ctl)	11.8 (9.7-15.3)	11.6 (10.2-18.4)
ALT (IU/L)	23 (15-61)	32.5 (19-57)
AST (IU/L)	23 (17-48)	43 (28-180)
Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)	78 (56-204)	145.5 (56-479)

Data are expressed as median (minimum -maximum) values. PT: Prothrombin time; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase.

Table 2 Median relative difference¹ in receptor expression and cytokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients after exposure to lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid

		Non-cirrhotic (%)	Cirrhotic (%)	P value
		n = 10	n = 10
Expression
CD14	LPS	-9	+39	< 0.096b
	LTA	-3.50	+55	< 0.028a
TLR2	LPS	-10	-60	< 0.121
	LTA	0	-42	< 0.289
TLR4	LPS	30	-53	< 0.221
	LTA	-19.50	-29	< 0.935
Secretion
TNFα	LPS	+7400	+8770	< 0.940
	LTA	+190	+360	< 0.970
IL-1β	LPS	+70.50	+1164	< 0.019a
	LTA	-6	+71	< 0.049a
IL-6	LPS	+91	+319	< 0.174
	LTA	+125	+246	< 0.326
IL-12	LPS	+3324	+6219	< 0.151
	LTA	+503	+1786	< 0.227
IL-10	LPS	+1768	+5844	< 0.364
	LTA	+50	+415	< 0.571

¹Difference with the non-exposure value (considered as the reference or 100%). A negative value reflects a decrease, whereas a positive value reflects an increase.

^aDenotes statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences between non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients.

^bDenotes tendency towards statistically significant (P < 0.10) differences between non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients. LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; LTA: Lipoteichoic acid; TLR: Toll-like receptor; IL: Interleukin; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.