Prevalence of celiac disease in adult patients with refractory functional dyspepsia: Value of routine duodenal biopsy

Table 1 Clinical characteristics and endoscopic findings of enrolled patients (n = 726)

Dyspepsia	Non CD (%)	CD (%)	OR	95% CI	P
	n = 711	n = 15
Sex (female; male)	434 (61.0)	10 (66.7)	1.28	0.45-3.60	0.6
	277 (39)	5 (33.3)
Mean age (yr)	39.5 ± 14.5	39.9 ± 11.2	1.86	0.71-4.65	0.3
Type of dyspepsia
Dysmotility-like dyspepsia (DD)	336 (47.2)	8 (53.3)	1.27	0.47-3.42	0.6
Indeterminate dyspepsia (ID)	273 (38.4)	7 (46.7)	2.21	0.82-5.97	0.1
Ulcer-like dyspepsia (UD)	102 (14)	0
Endoscopic findings
Normal	437 (61.2)	7 (46.7)			/
Peptic lesion	149 (20.5)	/
Malignancy	4 (0.5)	/
Miscellaneous	121 (16.7)	/
CD		8 (53.3)

Overall prevalence: 2.01% (95% CI 1.2-3.3). Endoscopic evaluation: Sensitivity: 34.8% (95% CI 17.2-57.2); Specifity: 100% (95% CI 17.2-57.2); PPV: 100% (95% CI 59.8-100); NPV: 97.9% (95% CI 96.5-98.8).

Table 2 Demographic, clinical, endoscopic and histological data of celiac patients

Pts	Gender M/F	Age (yr)	Clinical findings	Endoscopic markers	Histological findings	Marsh
1	F	20	ID	RF/NM	TVA	IIIC
2	F	27	DD	NM	TVA	IIIC
3	F	54	ID	Normal	PVA	IIIB
4	M	44	DD	Normal	STA	IIIB
5	F	26	DD	RF	STA	IIIB
6	F	36	ID	Normal	STA	IIIB
7	F	41	DD	Normal	STA	IIIB
8	M	34	ID	RF + Sll	TVA	IIIC
9	F	29	DD	Normal	APV	IIIA
10	M	54	DD	Normal	STA	IIIB
11	F	52	ID	Normal	PVA	IIIA
12	M	56	DD	MM	TVA	IIIC
13	F	39	DD	RF	STA	IIIB
14	M	41	ID	RF	STA	IIIC
15	F	45	ID	Sll	STA	IIIB

PVA: Partial villous atrophy; STA: Subtotal villous atrophy; TVA: Total villous atrophy; DD: Dysmotility-like dispepsia; ID: Indeterminate dispepsia; UD: Ulcer-like dispepsia; RF: Reduced folds; Sll: Scalloped folds; NM: Nodular mucosa; MM: Mosaic mucosa.