Analysis of risk factors for the interval time, number and pattern of hepatic metastases from gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy

Table 1 Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic factors potentially associated with the interval time of hepatic metastases after radical gastrectomy

		Cases of hepatic metastases after surgery
Factor	n	< 6 mo	6-12 mo	12-36 mo	> 36 mo	Univariate P value	Multivariate P value	Odds ratio
Age
≤ 50 yr	13	0	5	7	1	0.634	0.334	0.800
51- 69 yr	55	6	16	22	11	-	-	-
≥ 70 yr	19	3	5	9	2	-	-	-
Gender
Male	77	9	24	31	13	0.309	0.149	1.949
Female	10	0	2	7	1	-	-	-
Gastric carcinoma
Size
≤ 5 cm	39	2	5	21	11	0.001	0.019	1.989
> 5 cm	48	7	21	17	3	-	-	-
Location
Proximal	25	2	10	9	4	0.512	0.966	1.007
Middle	17	1	6	8	2	-	-	-
Distal	43	5	9	21	8	-	-	-
Diffuse	2	1	1	0	0	-	-	-
Histologic differentiation
Poorly undifferentiated	42	6	14	17	5	0.454	0.091	0.629
Well, moderately	45	3	12	21	9	-	-	-
Vascular invasion
Absent	70	6	19	32	13	0.296	0.134	1.928
Present	17	3	7	6	1	-	-	-
Neural invasion
Absent	74	7	20	33	14	0.232	0.383	1.502
Present	13	2	6	5	0	-	-	-
Depth of invasion1
T1	4	0	1	2	1	0.085	0.400	0.845
T2	26	1	5	14	6	-	-	-
T3	48	5	20	18	5	-	-	-
T4	9	3	0	4	2	-	-	-
Lymph node metastases1
N1	31	0	3	19	9	< 0.001	0.001	1.892
N2	37	3	17	13	4	-	-	-
N3	19	6	6	6	1	-	-	-
No. 12 lymph node group metastases
Absent	75	5	21	35	14	0.011	0.880	0.915
Present	12	4	5	3	0	-	-	-
No. 8 lymph node group metastases
Absent	72	5	20	33	14	0.034	0.647	0.792
Present	15	4	6	5	0	-	-	-
Lauren classification
Intestinal	36	4	8	15	9	0.037	0.331	1.171
Diffuse	29	5	13	10	1	-	-	-
Mixed	22	0	5	13	4	-	-	-
Surgical procedure
Esophago-proximal	23	2	1	17	3	0.056	0.481	1.098
Proximal subtotal	8	1	4	2	1	-	-	-
Distal subtotal	45	4	18	14	9	-	-	-
Total	11	2	3	5	1	-	-	-
Ascites
Absent	57	8	17	22	10	0.338	0.608	0.866
Present	30	1	9	16	4	-	-	-
Soft tissue invasion
Absent	47	6	18	17	6	0.170	0.136	0.559
Present	40	3	8	21	8	-	-	-

¹According to pTNM classification of UICC; Esophago-proximal, resection of the distal esophagus and proximal stomach; total, resection of the whole stomach.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic factors potentially associated with the number of hepatic metastases after radical gastrectomy

		Cases of hepatic metastases after surgery
Factor	n	Solitary	Multiple	Univariate P value	Multivariate P value	Odds ratio
Age
≤ 50 yr	13	2	11	0.171	0.398	2.480
51-69 yr	55	9	46	-	-	-
≥ 70 yr	19	0	19	-	-	-
Gender
Male	77	10	67	0.798	0.732	0.392
Female	10	1	9	-	-	-
Gastric carcinoma
Size
≤ 5 cm	39	10	29	0.001	0.133	12.271
> 5 cm	48	1	47	-	-	-
Location
Proximal	25	3	22	0.678	0.539	1.487
Middle	17	1	16	-	-	-
Distal	43	7	36	-	-	-
Diffuse	2	0	2	-	-	-
Histologic differentiation
Poorly undifferentiated	42	4	38	0.398	0.797	1.359
Well, moderately	45	7	38	-	-	-
Vascular invasion
Absent	70	11	59	0.08	0.998	-
Present	17	0	17	-	-	-
Neural invasion
Absent	74	11	63	0.137	0.998	-
Present	13	0	13	-	-	-
Depth of invasion1
T1	4	3	1	< 0.001	0.046	8.799
T2	26	6	20	-	-	-
T3	48	2	46	-	-	-
T4	9	0	9	-	-	-
Lymph node metastases1
N1	31	7	24	0.060	0.991	0.989
N2	37	4	33	-	-	-
N3	19	0	19	-	-	-
No. 12 lymph node group metastases
Absent	75	11	64	0.156	0.998	-
Present	12	0	12	-	-	-
No. 8 lymph node group metastases
Absent	72	10	62	0.444	0.428	0.125
Present	15	1	14	-	-	-
Lauren classification
Intestinal	36	9	27	0.009	0.288	3.261
Diffuse	29	0	29	-	-	-
Mixed	22	2	20	-	-	-
Surgical procedure
Esophago-proximal	23	3	20	0.056	0.395	1.953
Proximal subtotal	8	1	7	-	-	-
Distal subtotal	45	7	38	-	-	-
Total	11	0	11	-	-	-
Ascites
Absent	57	8	49	0.338	0.718	0.544
Present	30	3	27	-	-	-
Soft tissue invasion
Absent	47	5	42	0.170	0.950	1.102
Present	40	6	34	-	-	-

¹According to pTNM classification of UICC; Esophago-proximal, resection of the distal esophagus and proximal stomach; total, resection of the whole stomach.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic factors potentially associated with the pattern of hepatic metastases after radical gastrectomy

		Cases of hepatic metastases after surgery
Factor	n	H1	H2	H3	Univariate P value	Multivariate P value	Odds ratio
Age
≤ 50 yr	13	2	7	4	0.221	0.098	2.034
51-69 yr	55	9	15	31	-	-	-
≥ 70 yr	19	1	9	9	-	-	-
Gender
Male	77	11	30	36	0.126	0.168	0.202
Female	10	1	1	8	-	-	-
Gastric carcinoma
Size
≤ 5 cm	39	10	13	16	0.014	0.618	0.758
> 5 cm	48	2	18	28	-	-	-
Location
Proximal	25	3	5	17	0.180	0.985	1.006
Middle	17	1	8	8	-	-	-
Distal	43	8	18	17	-	-	-
Diffuse	2	0	0	2	-	-	-
Histologic differentiation
Poorly undifferentiated	42	4	12	26	0.118	0.621	0.763
Well, moderately	45	8	19	18	-	-	-
Vascular invasion
Absent	70	12	28	30	0.011	0.190	4.267
Present	17	0	3	14	-	-	-
Neural invasion
Absent	74	12	28	34	0.087	0.844	1.235
Present	13	0	3	10	-	-	-
Depth of invasion1
T1	4	3	1	0	< 0.001	0.037	2.078
T2	26	6	13	7	-	-	-
T3	48	3	13	32	-	-	-
T4	9	0	4	5	-	-	-
Lymph node metastases1
N1	31	7	13	11	0.073	0.194	1.634
N2	37	5	13	19	-	-	-
N3	19	0	5	14	-	-	-
No. 12 lymph node group metastases
Absent	75	12	25	38	0.256	0.224	0.277
Present	12	0	6	6	-	-	-
No. 8 lymph node group metastases
Absent	72	11	26	35	0.603	0.677	1.483
Present	15	1	5	9	-	-	-
Lauren classification
Intestinal	36	10	17	9	0.001	0.005	2.552
Diffuse	29	0	8	21	-	-	-
Mixed	22	2	6	14	-	-	-
Surgical procedure
Esophago-proximal	23	3	8	12	0.807	0.698	1.122
Proximal subtotal	8	1	2	5	-	-	-
Distal subtotal	45	8	16	21	-	-	-
Total	11	0	5	6	-	-	-
Ascites
Absent	57	9	21	27	0.644	0.984	1.012
Present	30	3	10	17	-	-	-
Soft Tissue Invasion
Absent	47	6	22	19	0.057	0.765	1.179
Present	40	6	9	25	-	-	-

¹According to pTNM classification of UICC; Esophago-proximal, resection of the distal esophagus and proximal stomach; total, resection of the whole stomach.