A pilot study on combination of cryosurgery and 125iodine seed implantation for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Adverse effects of pancreatic cryosurgery

Adverse effects	No. of patients (n)	%
Abdominal pain	34	69.4
Fever	26	53.1
Acute pancreatitis1	6	12.2
Increased amylase levels2	25	51.0
Abdominal bleeding3	3	6.1
Pulmonary infection	3	6.1
Myocardial infarction	1	2.0
Cerebral infarction	1	2.0

¹With abdominal pain and fever;

²Including 6 patients with acute pancreatitis;

³With abdominal pain.

Table 2 Median survival in different subgroups of patients with pancreatic cancer (breslow test)

Patient subgroups	n	Median survival (mo)	P
Tumor location
Pancreatic head	15	22	0.0204
Pancreatic body or tail	34	12
Tumor size
≤ 4 cm	24	13	0.7425
> 4 cm	25	14
Mode of cryosurgery
Inoperative	13	11	0.1907
Percutaneous	36	14
Adjuvant chemotherapy
Yes	20	11	0.0006
No	29	22
Hepatic metastases
Yes	12	11	0.0088
No	37	19

Table 3 Recent chemoradiation trials in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Reporter	No. of patients (n)	Therapy	Median progression-free survival (mo)	Median survival (mo)	Objective response (%)	Survival at 12 mo after treatment (%)
El-Rayer[25]	47	Gemcitabine, cisplatin, and infusional fluorouracil				34
Tokuuye[26]	53	Small-field radiotherapy in combination with concomitant chemotherapy		10.2		35.2
Okusaka[27]	34	Gemcitabine + 5-FU	3.2	7.1	25	14.3
Yamazaki[28]	22	Concurrent chemoradiotherapygemcitabine		16	32	78
Isacoff[29]	50	5-FU, mitomycin dipyridamole			26	54
Park[30]	45	Gemcitabine + capecitabine	5.4	10.4	40
Ko[31]	25	Gemcitabine + cisplatin, re-radiation + capecitabine	10.5	13.5		62
Polyzos[32]	32	Gemcitabine + 5-FU, folic acid, somatostatin	7	7	22	20
Michael[33]	30	Gemcitabine + 13-cis		7.8
Furuse[34]		Intraoperative radiation, 5-FU infusion		7.8		8.1 (2 yr)
Present series	38	Cryosurgery and 125iodine seed implantation		12	CR + PR 59.2	63.1