Clinical Research
Copyright ©2007 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 28, 2007; 13(36): 4881-4890
Published online Sep 28, 2007. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i36.4881
Table 1 Clinical data describing the 12 type-1 diabetic patients that completed the study
Patient No.123456789101112
GenderMMFMMMMMMMMF
Age (yr)304725324046423941625333
Height (cm)176180165176169182180185168174175170
Weight (kg)648665609078758566799561
Diabetes duration (yr)183716123227321413462014
Autonomic neuropathyS,TS,TS,TS,TS,TSS,TSSSSS,T
Peripheral neuropathyS,TS,TSS,TS,TSS,TSSSSS,T
Neuropathic pain-+----++---+
Retinopathy++++++++++++
Nephropathy-++-+++--+++
Bladder paresis----+------+
Gastroparesis1+++++----+-+
Sexual dysfunction--------+--+
HbA1c (%)11.18.614.110.57.710.79.29.310.410.29.27.3
Creatinine (mmol/L)75101111637387123789610811852
Nausea++++++++++++
Vomiting+++++-+++++-
Abdominal pain+-+-+----+--
Diarrhea+-+++++++--+
Constipation----+--+----
GastroscopyNNNNNNNNNNNN
ColonoscopyNDNDNNDNNDNDNNNDNDN
Small bowel radiologyNDNDNNNNNDNDNNNDN
Breath test2NNDNNNNNDNDNDNNDN
Insulin treatmentinjpumpinjInjinjinjinjinjinjinjinjpump
GI medication--+---+-++-+
Analgetics-+----++---+
Smoking+-++-+-+-+--
Table 2 The contractile activity on the bag and at the proximal pressure recording site are given for both the esophagus and duodenum (mean ± SEM)
Esophagus
Duodenum
Bag
Proximal
Bag
Proximal
ControlsDiabetesControlsDiabetesControlsDiabetesControlsDiabetes
Time to first17.5 ± 6.09.9 ± 2.735 ± 9.06.6 ± 2.316.5 ± 5.915.9 ± 5.228 ± 86.5 ± 2.5
contraction (s)F = 3.8P = 0.07F = 16P < 0.001F = 0.4P = 0.6F = 2.2P = 0.16
Ratio bag/proximal, time0.5 ± 0.11.5 ± 0.60.6 ± 0.21.2 ± 0.2
to first contractionF = 5.8P = 0.03F = 3.6P = 0.08
Number of contractions2.6 ± 0.55.9 ± 0.72.2 ± 0.64.5 ± 0.81.6 ± 0.41.9 ± 0.51.2 ± 0.22.1 ± 0.7
in first minuteF = 14P = 0.001F = 5.8P = 0.03F = 0.2P = 0.7F = 2.9P = 0.09
Frequency3.3 ± 0.56.0 ± 0.63.0 ± 0.74.6 ± 0.81.7 ± 0.41.7 ± 0.51.2 ± 0.31.7 ± 0.4
(min-1)F = 13P = 0.001F = 2.6P = 0.11F = 0.03P = 0.9F = 0.5P = 0.5
Maximum amplitude95 ± 1163 ± 1037 ± 734 ± 519.1 ± 4.819.5 ± 5.115.9 ± 2.614.6 ± 3.8
(mm H2O)F = 4.9P = 0.04F = 0.09P = 0.8F = 0.01P = 0.9F = 0.08P = 0.8
Contractile work1470 ± 257592 ± 165386 ± 57181 ± 43106 ± 5088 ± 4360 ± 1542 ± 16
(mm H2O x s)F = 7.8P = 0.01F = 7.5P = 0.01F = 0.9P = 0.8F = 0.6P = 0.4