Importance of MutL homologue MLH1 and MutS homologue MSH2 expression in Turkish patients with sporadic colorectal cancer

Table 1 Clinicopathological parameters and MLH1 and MSH2 expressions n (%)

	MLH1 (+)	MLH1 (-)	P	MSH2 (+)	MSH2 (-)	P
Gender			0.943			0.049
Male	26 (57.8)	17 (58.6)		38 (55.1)	0 (0)
Female	19 (42.2)	12 (4.4)		31 (44.9)	5 (100)
Age (yr)			0.602			0.579
< 50	15 (33.3)	8 (27.6)		22 (31.9)	1 (20)
≥ 50	30 (66.7)	21 (72.4)		47 (68.1)	4 (80)
Localization			0.630			0.244
Right colon	10 (22.2)	9 (31)		16 (23.2)	3 (60)
Left colon	11 (24.4)	9 (31)		20 (29)	0 (0)
Rectum	16 (35.6)	7 (24.1)		22 (31.9)	1 (20)
Colon (NOS)	8 (17.8)	4 (13.8)		11 (15.9)	1 (20)
Tumor size			0.757			0.969
< 5 cm	17 (37.8)	12 (41.4)		27 (39.1)	2 (40)
> 5 cm	28 (62.2)	17 (58.6)		42 (60.9)	3 (60)
Macroscopic type			0.479			0.144
Ulcerofungating	22 (48.8)	17 (57.1)		36 (52.1)	3 (60)
Ulceroinfiltrative	22 (48.8)	12 (42.9)		33 (47.9)	1 (20)
Polypoid	1 (2.4)	0 (0)		0 (0)	1 (20)
Tumor type			0.206			0.219
Adenocarcinoma	35 (77.7)	27 (85.1)		58 (84)	4 (80)
Mucinous AdenoCarcinoma	8 (17.9)	2 (14.9)		10 (14)	0 (0)
Adeno+neuroendocrine	1 (2.2)	0 (0)		0 (0)	1 (20)
Undifferentiated carcinoma	1 (2.2)	0 (0)		1 (2)	0 (0)
Grade			0.805			0.743
1	4 (10.5)	4 (14.8)		7 (11.7)	1 (20)
2	32 (84.2)	21 (77.8)		49 (81.7)	4 (80)
3	2 (5.3)	2 (7.4)		4 (6.7)	0 (0)
Tumor necrosis			0.451			0.660
-	5 (11.1)	5 (17.2)		9 (13)	1 (20)
+	40 (88.9)	24 (82.8)		60 (87)	4 (80)
Stromal desmoplasia			0.258			0.556
Mild	12 (26.7)	5 (17.2)		15 (21.7)	2 (40)
Moderate	28 (62.2)	23 (79.3)		48 (69.6)	3 (60)
Severe	5 (11.1)	1 (3.4)		6 (8.7)	0 (0)
Stromal inflammatory reaction			0.512			0.352
Mild	9 (20)	9 (31)		18 (26.1)	0 (80)
Moderate	31 (68.9)	18 (62.1)		45 (65.2)	4 (80)
Intense	5 (11.1)	2 (6.9)		6 (8.7)	1 (20)

MLH: MutL homologue; MSH: MutS homologue; NOS: Not otherwise specified.

Table 2 MLH1/MSH2 expression and other clinicopathological parameters

	MLH1 (+)	MLH1 (-)	P	MSH2 (+)	MSH2 (-)	P
PT Crohn1			0.571			0.492
-	42 (93.3)	26 (89.7)		63 (91.3)	3 (60)
+	3 (6.7)	3 (10.3)		6 (8.7)	2 (40)
PT Lymph2			0.953			0.172
-	37 (82.2)	24 (82.8)		58 (84.1)	3 (60)
+	8 (17.8)	5 (17.2)		11 (15.9)	2 (40)
Tumor border			0.747			0.184
Expansive	7 (15.6)	3 (10.3)		8 (11.6)	2 (40)
Infiltrating	17 (37.8)	13 (44.8)		29 (42)	1 (20)
Both	21 (46.7)	13 (44.8)		32 (46.4)	2 (40)
Invasion level			0.865			0.002
Submucosa	1 (2.2)	0 (0)		0 (0)	1 (20)
Muscularis	7 (15.6)	4 (13.8)		10 (14.5)	1 (20)
Subserosa	33 (73.3)	22 (75.9)		52 (75.4)	3 (60)
Serosa	4 (8.9)	3 (10.3)		7 (10.1)	0 (0)
PNI3			0.633			0.394
-	27 (60)	19 (65.5)		42 (60.9)	4 (80)
+	18 (40)	10 (34.5)		27 (39.1)	1 (20)
LVI4			0.522
-	7 (15.6)	3 (10.3)		9 (13)	4 (80	0.660
+	38 (84.4)	26 (89.7)		60 (87)	1 (20)
BVI5			0.114			0.927
-	38 (84.4)	20 (69)		54 (78.3)	4 (80)
+	7 (15.6)	9 (31)		15 (21.7)	1 (20)
LN metastasis			0.146			0.816
-	25 (58.1)	21 (75)		43 (65.2)	3 (60)
+	18 (41.9)	7 (25)		23 (34.8)	2 (20)
Survival			0.035			0.562
Disease-free	19 (45.2)	13 (50)		31 (48.4)	2 (40)
Recurrence/metastasis	2 (4.8)	6 (23.1)		7 (10.9)	1 (20)
Extend	21 (50)	7 (26.9)		26 (40.6)	2 (40)
Stage (AJCC- 2002)6			0.119			0.520
1	5 (11.6)	3 (10.7)		6 (9.1)	2 (40)
2	18 (41.8)	17 (60.7)		34 (51.5)	1 (20)
3	16 (37.2)	5 (17.8)		20 (30.3)	1 (20)
4	4 (9.4)	3 (10.7)		6 (9.1)	1 (20)
p53 expression			0.227			< 0.05
≤ 10%	27 (60)	16 (57.1)		0 (0)	5 (100)
> 10 %	18 (40)	12 (42.9)		74 (100)	0 (0)

¹Peritumoral Crohn-like inflammation;

²Peritumoral lymphocytic inflammation;

³Perineural invasion;

⁴Lymph vessel invasion;

⁵Blood vessel invasion;

⁶American Joint Committee of Cancer.

Table 3 Relation of MLH1/MSH2 expression and survival time (mean ± SD, mo)

	n	Survival time	P
MLH1 (+)/MSH2 (+)	40	47.08 ± 5.26	0.065
MLH1 (+)/MSH2 (-)	3	12.50 ± 1.06
MLH1 (-)/MSH2 (+)	24	71.71 ± 8.65
MLH1 (-)/MSH2 (-)	2	51.00 ± 16.26

Table 4 Results of COX regression analysis

	P
Loss of MLH1 expression	0.127
Loss of MSH2 expression	0.325
p53 over-expression	0.417
Stromal reaction	0.124
Stromal inflammatory reaction	0.407
Level of invasion	0.572
Perineural invasion	0.267
Lymphatic invasion	0.085
Blood vessel invasion	0.769
Peritumoral Crohn’s-like inflammation	0.247
Peritumoral lymphocytic inflammation	0.952
Stage	0.000
Lymph node metastasis	0.000