Portal venous gas and thrombosis in a Chinese patient with fulminant Crohn’s colitis: A case report with literature review

Table 1 Clinical features, predisposing factors, treatment, and outcome of 19 Crohn’s patients with PVG reported in the English literature

Author (yr)	Sex/age	Clinical features	Predisposingfactors	Diagnosticmodality	Treatment	Operativefindings	Outcome
Reiner et al (1978)[10]	F/34	Fever and abdominal pain	Enterovenous fistula	Plain X-ray	Antibiotics and surgery	Ileitis	Survived
Sadhu et al (1979)[8]	F/64	No symptom or morbidity	Barium enema	Plain X-ray	No treatment	/	Survived
Gosink (1981)[11]	M/45	Fever and abdominal pain	/	US	Surgery	Inflamed colon	Survived
Pappas et al (1984)[9]	M/36	No symptom or morbidity	Sigmoidoscopy, barium enema	Plain X-ray	No treatment		Survived
Huycke et al (1985)[12]	M/22	Resolution of toxic megacolon; developed abdominal pain and free peritoneal air after colonoscopy	Colonoscopy	Plain X-ray	Antibiotics and surgery	Ileitis and colitis, no perforation	Survived
Katz et al (1986)[21]	M/14	No symptom or morbidity	Barium enema	Plain X-ray	Antibiotics		Survived
Ajzen et al (1988)[13]	M/64	Severe epigastric pain	Enterovenous fistula	US, CT	Surgery	Ileitis	Died of sepsis and liver failure 1 mo later
Venugopal et al (1990)[14]	F/27	Fever	/	CT	Surgery	Ileitis, no perforated or ischaemic bowel	Survived
Kirsch et al (1990)[22]	F/26	Epigastric pain and chills	/	Plain X-ray, CT	Antibiotics	/	Survived
Delamarre et al (1991)[23]	M/70	Fever	/	CT	Antibiotics	/	Survived
al-Jahdali et al (1994)[15]	F/40	Fever	/	CT	Antibiotics (Surgery 2 wk later)	Ileitis	Survived
Hong et al (1997)[16]	M/58	Fever, status post-low anterior resection and small bowel resection	/	CT	Antibiotics	/	Survived
Hong et al (1997)[16]	F/71	Abdominal pain (Developed free peritoneal air 2 wk later)	/	CT	Antibiotics (Surgery 2 wk later)	Ischaemic and perforated small bowel	Died of disseminated cytomegalovirus infection
Hong et al (1997)[16]	M/24	Fever (Developed abdominal pain 4 wk later)	/	CT	Antibiotics (Surgery 4 wk later)	Ileitis	Survived
Brandon et al (2000)[17]	F/59	Fever and abdominal pain	/	CT	Surgery	Ileitis and colitis	Survived
Nesher et al (2002)[6]		No symptom or morbidity	Blunt trauma	CT	No treatment	/	Survived
Paran et al (2003)[7]	F/25	No symptom or morbidity	Blunt trauma	CT	No treatment	/	Survived
Thethy et al (2005)[18]	F/58	Fever	/	CT	Surgery	Sigmoid inflammatory mass	Survived
Present case	M/19	Septic shock with free peritoneal air	/	CT	Surgery	Colitis, no perforation	Survived

US: Ultrasonography; CT: Computed tomography.