Selective inhibition of cell growth by activin in SNU-16 cells

Table 1 Oligonucleotide sequences of PCR primers

Oligo	Sequence	Annealing temperature(°C)	Size (bp)
Inhibin α	5'-AGGAAGAGGAGGATGTCTCC-3'	50	823
	5'-GAGTAACCTCCATCCGAGGT-3'
Activin βA	5'-CTGAACGCGATCAGAAAGCT-3'	54	1014
	5'-TCCTCCACGATCATGTTCTG-3'
Activin βB	5'-TTCGCCGAGACAGATGGCCT-3'	59	765
	5'-AATCATGTTGGGCACGTCCC-3'
ActR IA	5'-GCCCAAGGTCAACCCCAAACTCT-3'	60	265
	5'-GGATTTTCCTTTAGTGGGCAGCT-3'
ActR IB	5'-ACCAGCTGCCTCCAGGCCAACTA-3'	62	245
	5'-GTGCTCAGGCTCCTTGAGGTGAC-3'
ActR IIA	5'-ACCAGTGTTGATGTGGATCTT-3'	60	456
	5'-TACAGGTCCATCTGCAGCAGT-3'
ActR IIB	5'-CATGGAACGAACTGTGTCAT-3'	62	730
	5'-AGATCCACTGAGTCTGGAGA-3'
Smad2	5'-TAGGTGGGGAAGTTTTTGCT-3'	60	410
	5'-TTTGCATGGGACTTGATTGG-3'
Smad4	5'-AAGGTGAAGGTGATGTTTG-3'	60	509
	5'-TAAGGGCCCCAACGGTAAA-3'
Smad7	5'-GTGGGGAGGCTCTACTGTGTC-3'	58	477
	5'-GGCTACCGGCTGTTGAAGATG-3'
p21CIP1/WAF1	5’-CCTCTTCGGCCCAGTGGAC-3’	60	369
	5'-CCGTTTTCGACCCTGAGAG-3'
β-actin	5'-TACCTCATGAAGATCCTCA-3	50	267
	5'-TTCGTGGATGCCACAGGAC-3'

ActR: activin receptor. ActR: activin receptor.

Table 2 Effects of activin A on cell proliferation in human gastric cancer cell lines (mean ± SD, ng/mL)

Times	24 h				48 h				72 h
Activin A	0	10	50	100 ng/mL	0	10	50	100	0	10	50	100
AGS	100	92.7 ± 5.1	93.6 ± 4.3	93.6 ± 4.2	100	93.6 ± 2.9	94.1 ± 3.1	92.9 ± 3.9	100	94.0 ± 3.9	94.2 ± 3.7	91.7 ± 3.8
KATO III	100	94.2 ± 3.3	92.3 ± 4.6	92.1 ± 4.8	100	93.1 ± 3.6	89.8 ± 4.2	89.9 ± 3.7	100	91.1 ± 4.0	85.6 ± 4.2	84.1 ± 6.8
SNU-1	100	94.2 ± 2.6	94.0 ± 2.8	94.5 ± 2.9	100	94.6 ± 2.0	93.4 ± 5.7	94.7 ± 3.3	100	94.0 ± 3.5	94.0 ± 2.8	93.9 ± 4.1
SNU-5	100	93.9 ± 0.6	94.7 ± 2.4	94.1 ± 1.8	100	94.1 ± 3.3	94.2 ± 5.6	94.8 ± 4.0	100	94.7 ± 2.6	94.0 ± 4.3	94.8 ± 4.0
SNU-16	100	87.3 ± 2.3a	81.7 ± 3.3a	77.2 ± 4.5a	100	87.8 ± 2.6a	74.3 ± 3.4b	61.5 ± 2.9b	100	81.2 ± 4.6a	62.2 ± 4.5b	45.2 ± 4.0b
SNU-484	100	94.3 ± 3.9	94.0 ± 3.0	92.1 ± 2.9	100	94.9 ± 1.5	92.6 ± 3.6	94.8 ± 1.8	100	93.4 ± 4.8	92.5 ± 5.5	91.8 ± 6.8
SNU-601	100	94.2 ± 2.0	94.2 ± 1.8	91.6 ± 2.3	100	94.6 ± 3.4	94.5 ± 2.1	94.0 ± 2.9	100	94.9 ± 4.7	91.9 ± 6.1	91.3 ± 6.7
SNU-638	100	91.1 ± 2.6	92.5 ± 1.1	91.5 ± 2.5	100	93.3 ± 3.7	92.6 ± 4.2	91.8 ± 4.2	100	93.9 ± 3.3	92.0 ± 3.8	91.3 ± 4.1
SNU-668	100	94.2 ± 2.8	94.3 ± 2.3	94.4 ± 3.1	100	91.7 ± 1.4	91.8 ± 1.6	92.3 ± 4.8	100	93.2 ± 1.5	94.0 ± 2.2	94.9 ± 2.3
SNU-719	100	92.8 ± 2.8	91.6 ± 4.0	91.4 ± 1.2	100	91.7 ± 2.2	92.4 ± 5.2	91.7 ± 3.4	100	91.8 ± 2.0	88.7 ± 2.8	89.2 ± 3.1

Values are the percentage for three individual experiments, each with triplicate samples.

^aP < 0.05 and

^bP < 0.01 vs the control values.