Prevalence and risk factors of stress-induced gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill children

Table 1 Demographic data of children with and without stress-induced GI bleeding

Characteristic	Bleeding(n = 74)	No bleeding(n = 96)	P
Age (yr)1	3.82 (0.44)	3.84 (0.40)	0.977
Sex, male	41	48	0.484
Duration of admission (d)1	8.23 (0.78)	6.41 (0.58)	0.062
Underlying diseases
Respiratory system Cardiovascular system Neurological system Hemato/oncologic system Infections/HIV Gastrointestinal system Others	8 9 19 11 14 5 8	15 18 25 11 9 6 12	0.445

¹Presented as mean±SE.

Table 2 Risk factors for stress-induced GI bleeding in children (n = 170)

Risk factors		n	Gastrointestinalbleeding (%)	Odds ratio (95%CI)simple regression	Odds ratio (95%CI)multiple regression
Mechanical ventilation Thrombocytopenia Renal insufficiency Prolonged PT Prolonged PTT ARDS Sepsis Intracranial pathology	Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No	139 31 37 132 9 160 34 32 37 52 96 54 69 101 32 138	49.6 16.1 59.4 39.4 77.8 43.1 64.7 44.4 62.2 44.2 46.9 38.5 49.3 39.6 46.8 42.8	5.126 (1.861–14.118) P = 0.001 2.256 (1.073–4.745) P = 0.030 4.858 (0.978–24.124) P = 0.035 2.292 (0.946–5.551) P = 0.064 2.071 (0.876–4.899) P = 0.095 2.050 (0.912–4.610) P = 0.080 1.481 (0.799–2.748) P = 0.212 1.181 (0.546–2.556) P = 0.672	14.096 (2.205–90.112) P = 0.005 3.462 (0.843–14.216) P = 0.085 2.763 (0.326–23.426) P = 0.351 1.222 (0.289–5.161) P = 0.785 1.198 (2.640–5.446) P = 0.815 0.772 (0.171–3.487) P = 0.737 1.234 (0.325–4.691) P = 0.757 1.192 (0.283–5.010) P = 0.811