Colorectal Cancer
Copyright ©2005 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 14, 2005; 11(10): 1473-1480
Published online Mar 14, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i10.1473
Table 1 Selected colorectal cancer case and control distribution by sex in Taiwan.
VariableMen
P1Women
P1
Casesn = 410 (%)Controlsn = 409 (%)Cases n = 317 (%)Controlsn = 327 (%)
Age (mean±SD, yr)60.5±12.260.6±12.760.2±13.660.7±13.4
Colon/rectum, n185/225167/150
Physical activity53 (14.1)95 (23.2)<0.01NI2
Coffee63 (16.5)36 ( 8.8)<0.01NI2
Smoking0.18NA3
Never122 (31.3)150 (36.7)
Ex-smoker91 (23.3)98 (24.0)
Current177 (45.4)161 (39.4)
Alcohol drinking0.01NA3
Never186 (48.1)205 (50.1)
Ex-drinker17 (4.4)37 (9.1)
Current184 (47.6)167 (40.8)
High staple4NI2156(49.2)112 (34.3)<0.01
High meat4294 (71.7)244 (59.7)<0.01203 (64.0)151 (46.2)<0.01
High vegetable/fruit4168 (44.7)266 (65.0)<0.01147 (50.2)197 (60.2)0.01
Fish/shrimp (almost everyday)174 (46.3)256 (62.6)<0.01125 (42.8)167 (51.1)0.04
GSTM1 null213 (52.2)215 (52.7)0.89189 (60.0)195 (60.0)1.00
GSTT1 null216 (52.9)189 (46.3)0.06180 (57.1)171 (52.6)0.25
GSTP10.780.39
A/A277 (67.9)287 (70.2)224 (71.3)226 (69.5)
A/G117 (28.7)109 (26.7)84 (26.8)87 (26.8)
G/G14 (3.4)13 (3.2)6(1.9)12 (3.7)
Table 2 Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 for colorectal cancer by age at diagnosis and tumor site in men.
GSTP1
GSTP1
GSTP1
PresentNullPresentNull A/AWithG2
Total population
Cases/Controls195/193213/215192/219216/189277/287131/122
OR (95%CI)11.00.93 (0.68-1.26)1.01.45 (1.07-1.97)1.01.36 (0.98-1.89)
Tumor site
Colon
Cases/Controls82/193101/21589/21994/189127/28756/122
OR (95%CI)11.01.00 (0.67-1.48)1.01.24 (0.83-1.83)1.0 1.15(0.75-1.76)
Rectum
Cases/Controls113/193112/215103/219122/189150/28775/122
OR (95%CI)11.00.87 (0.61-1.25)1.01.55 (1.08-2.23)1.01.48 (1.00-2.18)
Age at diagnosis
≤60 yr
Cases/Controls95/8592/10086/106101/79124/12963/56
OR (95%CI)11.00.86 (0.53-1.30)1.02.03 (1.29-3.21)1.01.45 (0.89-2.37)
>60 yr
Cases/Controls100/108121/115106/113115/110153/15868/66
OR (95%CI)11.01.03 (0.67-1.58)1.01.12 (0.73-1.71)1.01.34 (0.84-2.12)
Table 3 Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 for colorectal cancer by age at diagnosis and tumor site in women.
GSTM1
GSTT1
GSTP1
PresentNullPresentNullA/AWithG2
Total population
Cases/Controls126/130189/195135/154180/171224/22690/99
OR (95%CI)11.00.99 (0.71-1.38)1.01.18 (0.85-1.64)1.01.00 (0.70-1.43)
Tumor site
Colon
Cases/Controls61/130105/19572/15494/171116/22649/99
OR (95%CI)11.01.19 (0.78-1.81)1.01.23 (0.82-1.84)1.01.04 (0.67-1.60)
Rectum
Cases/Controls65/13084/19563/15486/171108/22641/99
OR (95%CI)11.00.84 (0.56-1.27)1.01.20 (0.79-1.81)1.00.93 (0.60-1.46)
Age at diagnosis
≤60 yr
Cases/Controls52/5284/8250/5586/7999/8937/45
OR (95%CI)11.01.08 (0.63-1.85)1.01.20 (0.71-2.05)10.84 (0.48-1.47)
>60 yr
Cases/Controls74/78105/11385/9994/92125/13753/54
OR (95%CI)11.00.95 (0.61-1.46)1.01.15 (0.75-1.76)1.01.13 (0.71-1.80)
Table 4 Combined genotype of GSTT1 and GSTP1 on colorectal cancer risk by tumor site and age in men.
GSTT1 / GSTP1
Present / (A/A)
Present /with G + null / (A/A)
Null /with G
Cases/ControlsOR (95%CI)1Cases/ControlsOR (95%CI)1Cases/ControlsOR (95%CI)1
Total population2132/1571.00205/1911.42 (1.01-1.99)71/601.91 (1.21-3.02)
Tumor site
Colon64/157188/1911.16 (0.75-1.79)31/601.42 (0.79-2.55)
Rectum268/1571.00117/1911.65 (1.09-2.50)40/602.20 (1.28-3.78)
Age at diagnosis
≤60 yr257/731.0096/891.73 (1.04-2.89)34/233.05 (1.51-6.12)
>60 yr75/841.00109/1021.25 (0.78-2.02)37/371.41 (0.75-2.64)
Table 5 Combined effects of GST genotypes and vegetable/fruit consumption on colorectal cancer risk.
GenotypeVegetable/fruit consumptionMen
Women
CasesControlsOR (95%CI)1CasesControlsOR (95%CI)2
GSTT1
NullLow106691.0090621
PresentLow101740.87 (0.55-1.36)54660.60 (0.36-0.98)
NullHigh1101200.57 (0.37-0.88)901090.47 (0.30-0.75)
PresentHigh911450.32 (0.20-0.50)81880.53 (0.33-0.85)
P for interaction 0.21 0.06
GSTP1
With GLow60491.0044351
A/ALow147941.09 (0.67-1.76)99930.84 (0.49-1.45)
With GHigh71730.73 (0.43-1.25)46640.51 (0.28-0.94)
A/AHigh1301930.40 (0.25-0.64)1251330.58 (0.34-0.99)
P for interaction0.030.42
Table 6 Smoking specific risk for colorectal cancer for the combined effects of GST genotypes and vegetable/fruit consumption in men.
GenotypeVegetable/fruit consumptionNon-smokers
Smokers
CasesControlsOR (95% CI)1CasesControlsOR (95% CI)1
GSTT1
PresentLow28160.85 (0.33-2.21)73580.85 (0.51-1.41)
NullHigh45550.41 (0.18-0.96)59650.66 (0.39-1.11)
PresentHigh25650.17 (0.07-0.42)52800.43 (0.25-0.73)
P for interaction0.230.49
GSTP1
With GLow19101.0041391
A/ALow32190.80 (0.30-2.15)115751.21 (0.69-2.12)
With GHigh25330.41 (0.15-1.10)40400.96 (0.49-1.88)
A/AHigh45880.21 (0.09-0.52)711050.55 (0.31-0.98)
P for interaction0.480.07