Interleukin-34 deficiency aggravates development of colitis and colitis-associated cancer in mice

Figure 3 Interleukin-34 deficiency aggravates acute colitis and increase proinflammatory cytokines. A: Representative microscopic pictures of hematoxylin and eosin-stained colon sections of Interleukin-34 (IL-34)^-/- and WT mice fed with 3% DSS for 7 d (n = 6 or 7 per group); B: Histological score for IL-34^-/- and WT mice fed with 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS); C: Representative photomicrographs of macrophage staining in colon sections of IL-34^-/- and WT mice treated with DSS; D: Statistical analysis of CD68-positive cells in IL-34^-/- and WT mice treated with DSS; E: mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-10, IL-23, TNF-α, and M-CSF in IL-34^-/- and WT mice fed with 3% DSS. DSS: Dextran sodium sulfate; IL: Interleukin; M-CSF: Macrophage colony-stimulating factor; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; WT: Wild-type. Scale bars = 100 μm. Data depict the mean ± SD. ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.005, ^dP < 0.001.