Efficacy of cytapheresis in patients with ulcerative colitis showing insufficient or lost response to biologic therapy

Table 2 Efficacy of cytapheresis in patients with ulcerative colitis showing previous biologics failure

Ref.	Study type	Biologics exposure	Number of patients (total number of patients in the study)	Regimen of CAP	Rate of remission	Rate of steroid-free remission
Cabriada et al[35], 2012	Retrospective study (results of nationwide Spanish registry)	IFX	33 (total: 142 SD)	GMA (95% of the Pts), 1-10 sessions (median 5 sessions)		37% (all Pts), no differences in clinical remission were found among those Pts with previous thiopurine or IFX failure
Dignass et al[36], 2016	Single-arm, open-label, multicentre trial	TNF-α	37 (total: 86 SD)	GMA (5-10 sessions, 1 session/wk)	27.8% (Pts who failed on TNF-α), 40.3% (Pts who failed on immunosuppressants
Yamamoto et al[37], 2018	Retrospective study	(1) IFX; and (2) ADA	(1) 31; and (2) 36 (total: 593)	GMA (5 sessions, 1 to 5 sessions/wk), 5 or 6 GMA were added in Pts who did not achieve clinical remission	31% (Pts exposed to biologics), 48% (Pts unexposed to biologics), P = 0.01

CAP: Cytapheresis; SD: Steroid dependent patients; GMA: Granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis; Pts: Patients; IFX: Infliximab; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; ADA: Adalimumab.