Validation of serum tumor biomarkers in predicting advanced cystic mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and performance of each serum tumor maker in predicting advanced cystic mucinous neoplasms

	Overall	Benign	Advanced	P value1
Patients characteristics (n = 187)
Male (n, %)	109 (58.3)	63 (54.8)	46 (63.9)	0.007
Age (Median, IQR)	62 (54-68)	61 (51-68)	63.5 (56-70)	0.014
Cyst size (Median, IQR, mm)	28.5 (19-42)	24.5 (15-37)	38.5 (28-59.5)	< 0.0001
Location (H/B/T/D)	111/31/30/15	63/20/20/10	48/11/10/5
CA19-9 (n = 187)
Median, IQR (U/mL)	10.11(4.4-52.9)	7.1(3.4-16.3)	55.5 (9.3-319.3)	< 0.0001
≥ 37/< 37 U/mL	50/137	11/104	39/33	< 0.0001
CEA (n = 187)
Median, IQR (ng/mL)	2.37 (1.54-3.98)	2.23 (1.5-3.3)	3.1 (2.02-5.2)	< 0.0001
≥ 5/< 5 ng/mL	27/160	9/106	18/54	0.001
CA125 (n = 135)
Median, IQR (U/mL)	12.2 (8.2-18.8)	12.1 (7.0-16.8)	12.75 (8.9-23.4)	0.002
≥ 35 /< 35 U/mL	10/125	1/82	9/43	0.002
CA724 (n = 116)
Median, IQR (U/mL)	1.6 (1.025-3.15)	1.44 (1.0-2.66)	2.4 (1.07-6.8)	0.014
≥ 9.8/< 9.8 U /mL	10/106	3/70	7/36	0.05
CA242 (n = 31)
Median, IQR (U/mL)	7.13 (3.6-12.7)	5.35 (2.7-7.9)	11.1 (6.95-31.7)	0.136
≥ 20/< 20 U/mL	6/25	1/15	5/10	0.08

¹P values were based on student’s t test comparing mean values of each serum tumor maker. cMN: Cystic mucinous neoplasm; IQR: Interquartile range; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA: Carbohydrate antigen.