Altered profiles of fecal bile acids correlate with gut microbiota and inflammatory responses in patients with ulcerative colitis

Figure 5 Mucosal immunohistochemistry in patients with ulcerative colitis and healthy controls. A and B: Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) immunoreactivity was mainly scattered in the epithelium in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (scale bar = 20 μm); C and D: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) immunoreactivity was distributed in the epithelium and lamina propria in UC patients and healthy controls (Scale bar = 20 μm); E: The mean optical density of TGR5 in the colonic mucosa in UC patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (P = 0.0003); F: The mean optical density of VDR in the colonic mucosa decreased significantly in patients (P = 0.033). UC: Ulcerative colitis; TGR5: Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5; VDR: Vitamin D receptor; MOD: Mean optical density.