Concept of histone deacetylases in cancer: Reflections on esophageal carcinogenesis and treatment

Table 2 Studies on the association of histone deacetylase involvement in esophageal cancer

Ref.	Year	Number of pathology samples	HDACs/HATs studied	Correlation with clinicopathological data
Langer et al[29]	2010	180 EC samples	HDAC1 and 2	Increased N stage and Tumor Grade correlated with increased HDAC2 expression
Xue et al[30]	2014	167 EC samples	HDAC1 and HAT1	Increased Tumor Grade correlated with increased HAT1 expression
Zeng et al[12]	2016	86 ESCC samples	HDAC4	Increased T, N, M, TNM stage, Tumor Grade and increased metastatic potential correlated with increased HDAC4 expression Worse 5-yr OS and DFS was noted in patients with increased HDAC4 expression
Tao et al[33]	2018	Study performed on cell lines of EC	HDAC6	Increased cell motility and invasion capacity and increased HSP-90 activity, conferring oncogenic protein stability, correlated with increased HDAC6 expression

HDACs: Histone deacetylases; HATs: Histone acetyltransferases; EC: Esophageal cancer; ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; OS: Overall survival; DFS: Disease free survival.