Temporary self-expanding metallic stents for achalasia: A prospective study with a long-term follow-up

Table 2 Technical and clinical outcome among the three groups (mean ± SD) n (%)

	Group A (n = 30)	Group B (n = 30)	Group C (n = 30)	P value
Early outcome
Technique success	100%	100%	100%	1.0
Complications
Stent migration	8 (27)	4 (13)	2 (7)a (P = 0.039)	0.096
Chest pain	5 (17)	10 (33)	12 (40)a (P = 0.047)	0.130
Reflux	7 (23)	5 (17)	6 (20)	0.814
Bleeding	3 (10)	5 (23)	6 (20)	0.557
Perforation	0	0	0	1.0
Food impaction	2 (7)	0	0	0.132
30-d mortality	0	0	0	1.0
Late outcome
Primary patency (yr)	5.45 ± 0.41	6.67 ± 0.56c (P = 0.023)	7.15 ± 0.50a (P = 0.003)	0.006
Cumulative treatment failures	16 (53)	8 (27)c (P = 0.037)	4 (13)a (P = 0.001)	0.003
Follow-up (yr)	7.13 ± 2.61	7.24 ± 2.95	7.30 ± 2.46	0.997

^aP < 0.05, Group C vs Group A;

^cP < 0.05, Group B vs Group A.