Glycated hemoglobin and antidiabetic strategies as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 4 Biochemical characteristics of diabetic HCC, LC patients and controls, DM2 duration and therapy (mean ± SD)

	HCC (n = 145)	LC (n = 144)	Controls (n = 62)	P
BMI (kg/m2) (median)	25.6 ± 2.9 (26.0)	25.8 ± 3.8 (25.0)	25.1 ± 2.4 (25.3)	0.3175a
Cholesterol (mg/dL) (median)	155.4 ± 47.4 (152)	155.9 ± 37.7 (155)	160.6 ± 45.4 (173.0)	0.6013a
Triglycerides (mg/dL) (median)	110.6 ± 60.7 (94.5)	108.0 ± 45.5 (101.5)	111.5 ± 67.9 (95.0)	0.8060a
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) (median)	126.7 ± 47.3 (110.5)	109.3 ± 32.9 (100.0)	98.0 ± 20.6 (95.0)	< 0.0001a
Current HbA1c (%) (median)	7.5 ± 1.8 (7.3)	6.6 ± 1.5 (6.4)	6.8 ± 1.5 (6.5)	0.0001a
Average past HbA1c (%) (range)	7.7 ± 1.5 (4-13.5)	N/A	N/A
DM2 duration (mo) (median)	141.6 ± 81.0 (146)	135.4 ± 98.3 (117)	124.9 ± 100.5 (119)	0.2496a
Therapy, n (%)				< 0.0001b
Not reported	0 (0)	12 (8.3)	2 (3.2)
Metformin	13 (9.0)	39 (27.1)	15 (24.2)
Sulphonylureas	68 (46.9)	33 (22.9)	32 (51.6)
Insulin	64 (44.1)	60 (41.7)	13 (21.0)

^aP of Kruskal-Wallis test;

^bP of Fisher’s exact test. HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin A1c.