Role of mucosal dendritic cells in inflammatory bowel disease

Figure 2 DCs continuously survey the intestinal lumen, phagocytose and process luminal antigens and present them to T cells, which will differentiate in presence of IL-6 and TGF-β to IL-17A and IL-17F producing TH17 cells, in presence of IL-12 and IFN-γ into TH1 cells or in presence of IL-4 into TH2 cells. nTreg, natural occurring regulatory T cell; iTreg, inducible regulatory T cells; Tr1, regulating T cell.