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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. May 21, 2021; 27(19): 2312-2324
Published online May 21, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i19.2312
Figure 1
Figure 1 The possible immunological mechanism to explain how non-tumor necrosis factor-targeted biologics can induce the development of hepatitis B reactivation. cccDNA: Covalently closed circular DNA; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; IFN: Interferon; IL: Interleukin; TH17 cells: IL-17 producing T helper cells; TH1 cells: T helper 1 cells; Tc cells: Cytotoxic T cells.