Optimal treatment strategies for hepatic portal venous gas: A retrospective assessment

Figure 1 Computed tomography and pathologic findings of case 1. A: Abdominal computed tomography images on admission demonstrate hepatic portal venous gas, ascites; B: Intestinal pneumatosis (arrow); C: The resected small intestine shows hemorrhagic necrosis; D: Air-bubbles in the damaged intestinal wall (arrow).

Figure 2 Abdominal computed tomography images of case 2. A: Extensive hepatic portal venous gas; B: Intestinal pneumatosis were found on the first hospital day; C: However, hepatic portal venous gas disappeared on the seventh hospital day.

Figure 3 Abdominal computed tomography images of case 3 on admission. Left lobe hepatic portal venous gas and the moderate amount of ascites are seen.

Figure 4 A treatment decision flowchart and outcomes. CT: Computed tomography; HPVG: Hepatic portal venous gas.