Brewers’ rice modulates oxidative stress in azoxymethane-mediated colon carcinogenesis in rats

Figure 1 mRNA levels of GSK3β and β-catenin in AOM-injected colon cancer treated with brewers’ rice (n = 3). ^aP < 0.05 vs AOM alone, Tukey’s test. AOM: Azoxymethane; GSK3β: glycogen synthase kinase 3β.

Figure 2 mRNA levels of nuclear factor-kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1 in azoxymethane-injected colon cancer treated with brewers’ rice (n = 3). ^aP < 0.05 vs AOM alone, Tukey’s test. AOM: Azoxymethane; HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1; iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase; NF-κB: Nuclear factor-kappa B; Nrf2: Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2.