Effectiveness of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: Updated systematic review with meta-analysis

Figure 1 Flow diagram for study selection.

Figure 2 Responders to therapies based on abdominal pain score. A: Individual and pooled relative risk in studies comparing probiotics and placebo in irritable bowel syndrome patients; B: Heterogeneity indicators for the studies.

Figure 3 Individual and pooled effect size for standardized mean for abdominal pain in studies comparing probiotics and placebo in irritable bowel syndrome patients.

Figure 4 Individual and pooled effect size for standardized mean for distension, bloating, and flatulence in studies comparing probiotics and placebo in irritable bowel syndrome patients.

Figure 5 Individual and pooled effect size for standardized mean for bowel habit dissatisfaction in studies comparing probiotics and placebo in irritable bowel syndrome patients.

Figure 6 Responders to therapies based on global symptom score. A: Individual and pooled relative risk in studies comparing probiotics and placebo in irritable bowel syndrome patients; B: Heterogeneity indicators for the studies.

Figure 7 Adequate general symptoms improvement. A: Individual and pooled relative risk in studies comparing probiotics and placebo irritable bowel syndrome patients; B: Heterogeneity indicators for the studies; C: Publication bias indicators.