Basic Research
Copyright ©2007 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 28, 2007; 13(36): 4873-4880
Published online Sep 28, 2007. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i36.4873
Figure 1
Figure 1 The flow chart of protocol I.
Figure 2
Figure 2 The process of protocol II.
Figure 3
Figure 3 EA at neiguan decreased the rate of TLESRs induced by gastric distention, compared with EA at sham acupoint (bP < 0. 01) and baseline distention (aP < 0.05). Each number represents one cat.
Figure 4
Figure 4 EA at Neiguan decreased the rate of common cavity during TLESRs compared with EA at sham acupoint (P < 0. 05).
Figure 5
Figure 5 Electric stimulation at Neiguan didn't influence the LES pressure and intragastric pressure.
Figure 6
Figure 6 Photomicrographs showing C-Fos and NOS positive neurons in nucleus tractus solitarius/dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (NTS/DMV). A: C-Fos immunohistochemistry of neiguan group; B: C-Fos immunohistochemistry of sham acupoint group; C: NADPH-d histochemistry of neiguan group; D: NADPH-d histochemistry of sham acupoint group (× 10).
Figure 7
Figure 7 Photomicrographs showing C-Fos and NOS positive neurons in reticular formation of medulla (RFM). A: C-Fos immunohistochemistry of neiguan group; B: C-Fos immunohistochemistry of sham acupoint group; C: NADPH-d histochemistry of neiguan group; D: NADPH-d histochemistry of sham acupoint group (× 10).
Figure 8
Figure 8 CCK, L-arginine and naloxone significantly increase the frequency of TLESRs compared with control group (aP < 0. 05). But phaclofen and tacrine did not change the frequency of TLESRs compared with control group (P > 0.05). It was indicated that the inhibited effects of EA at neiguan were completely restored by pretreatment with CCK-A, L-arginine and naloxone. But it was not influenced by phaclofen and tacrine.