Contrast-free endoscopic stent insertion in malignant biliary obstruction

Figure 1 A: The papilla identified and cannulated by a papillotome and a guide wire is inserted deeply into the biliary tree by fluoroscopy; B: Contrast-free guidewire cannulation of main biliary duct (case of pancreatic cancer); C: Contrast-free deployment of plastic stent (same case of A); D: Contrast-free guidewire cannulation of left hepatic duct (case of Klatskin tumor); E: Contrast-free unilateral deployment of plastic stent (same case of C). The arrows show the markers of the stent; F: Contrast-free bilateral deployment of plastic stent (case of Klatskin tumor).