Role of interventional therapy in hepatic artery stenosis and non-anastomosis bile duct stricture after orthotopic liver transplantation

Figure 1 Images pertaining to case 2. HA stoma stricture was diagnosed 3 mo after OLT, no treatment was performed; coronary artery stent placement was performed after 5 mo. Diffuse intra- and extra- hepatic bile duct stricture was apparent 8 mo after OLT. PTBD and balloon dilation therapy were performed. A: Tardus parvus frequency spectrum shown by color Doppler ultrasonography indicating HA stoma stricture; B: HA stoma stricture as indicated by celiac axis angiography; C: Celiac axis angiography revealing HAS disappearance following HA stent placement; D: Treatment of bile duct stricture by percutaneous transhepatic balloon dilation; E: Cholangiography revealed bile duct stiffness, rare branching, and filling defect in the bile duct lumina.

Figure 2 Images pertaining to case 3. HAS was diagnosed 4 d after OLT, and coronary artery stent placement was performed. Diffuse intra- and extra-hepatic bile duct stricture was apparent 10 mo after OLT. PTBD, balloon dilation and bile duct stent placement therapy were performed. A: Computed tomography angiography revealing HAS disappearance following HA stent placement; B: Cholangiography showing bile duct stiffness, rare branching, and filling defect in the bile duct lumina.