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Mahfud M, Ernawati E, Mahmud NRA, Budipitojo T, Wijayanto H. An immunohistochemical study of endocrine cells in the digestive tract of Varanus salvator (Reptile: Varanidae). Vet World 2020; 13:1737-1742. [PMID: 33132583 PMCID: PMC7566259 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1737-1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the distribution pattern and frequency of endocrine cell types in the digestive tract of Varanus salvator. Materials and Methods: The presence of endocrine cells (glucagon, somatostatin, and serotonin) in the digestive tract (esophagus, stomach, and intestine) was detected using the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method. Results: Three types of endocrine cells immunoreactive to antisera glucagon, serotonin, and somatostatin were found in the caudal portion of the small and large intestines but were not observed in the esophagus, stomach, and caput and medial sections of the small intestine. Endocrine cells distributed in the digestive tract of V. salvator vary in color intensity, from weak to sharp, in response to the primer antibody. Conclusion: Endocrine cells in the digestive tract that is immunoreactive to glucagon, somatostatin, and serotonin are those found in the caudal portion of the small and large intestines. They are varied in distribution pattern, frequency, and color intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahfud Mahfud
- Department of Biology Education, University of Muhammadiyah Kupang, East of Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
| | - Ernawati Ernawati
- Department of Biology Education, University of Muhammadiyah Kupang, East of Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
| | - Nur R Adawiyah Mahmud
- Department of Biology Education, University of Muhammadiyah Kupang, East of Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Budipitojo
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gajah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hery Wijayanto
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gajah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Quantification of endocrine cells and ultrastructural study of insulin granules in the large intestine of opossum Didelphis aurita (Wied-Neuwied, 1826). Tissue Cell 2013; 46:70-7. [PMID: 24359801 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the distribution of argyrophil, argentaffin, and insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells in the large intestine of opossums (Didelphis aurita) and to describe the ultrastructure of the secretory granules of insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells. Fragments of the large intestine of 10 male specimens of D. aurita were collected, processed, and subjected to staining, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. The argyrophil, the argentaffin, and the insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells were sparsely distributed in the intestinal glands of the mucous layer, among other cell types of the epithelium in all regions studied. Proportionally, the argyrophil, the argentaffin, and the insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells represented 62.75%, 36.26%, and 0.99% of the total determined endocrine cells of the large intestine, respectively. Quantitatively, there was no difference between the argyrophil and the argentaffin endocrine cells, whereas insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells were less numerous. The insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells were elongated or pyramidal, with rounded nuclei of irregularly contoured, and large amounts of secretory granules distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The granules have different sizes and electron densities and are classified as immature and mature, with the mature granules in predominant form in the overall granular population. In general, the granule is shown with an external electron-lucent halo and electron-dense core. The ultrastructure pattern in the granules of the insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells was similar to that of the B cells of pancreatic islets in rats.
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Dos Santos DCM, Cupertino MDC, Novaes RD, Soares ÍADC, Fonseca CC, da Matta SLP, Sartori SSR. Morphologic characterization and distribution of endocrine cells in the large intestine of the opossum Didelphis aurita (Wied-Neuwied, 1826). Tissue Cell 2013; 45:338-49. [PMID: 23810437 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the morphology and distribution of argyrophil, argentaffins, and insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells in the large intestine of the opossum Didelphis aurita. Fragments of the large intestine of 10 male specimens of the opossum D. aurita were collected, processed, and submitted for histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. The tunics of the large intestine of D. aurita presented morphological characteristics that have already been described for eutherian mammals. The morphometric data showed that the inner circular layer of all portions and regions analyzed is thicker relative to the longitudinal layer, and these layers in the rectum are thicker compared to the cecum and ascending colon. The majority of mucus-secreting cells have acid and neutral mucins, suggesting that the production of mucus is mixed. The number of these cells increases in the region of the cecum toward the rectum. Important findings include the occurrence of argyrophil, argentaffins, and insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells in all segments of the large intestine of the opossum (D. aurita). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about the presence of insulin-immunoreactive endocrine cells in the large intestine of the opossum (D. aurita).
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Existence of serotonin and neuropeptides-immunoreactive endocrine cells in the small and large intestines of the mole-rats (Spalax leucodon). Tissue Cell 2012; 44:257-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pyarokhil AH, Ishihara M, Sasaki M, Kitamura N. Immunohistochemical study on the ontogenetic development of the regional distribution of peptide YY, pancreatic polypeptide, and glucagon-like peptide 1 endocrine cells in bovine gastrointestinal tract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 175:15-20. [PMID: 22233836 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The regional distribution and relative frequency of peptide YY (PYY)-, pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)-immunoreactive (IR) cells were determined immunohistochemically in the gastrointestinal tract at seven ontogenetic stages in pre- and postnatal cattle. Different frequencies of PYY-, PP-, and GLP-1-IR cells were found in the intestines at all stages; they were not found in the esophagus and stomach. The frequencies varied depending on the intestinal segment and the developmental stage. The frequencies of PYY- and PP-IR cells were lower in the small intestine and increased from ileum to rectum, whereas GLP-1-IR cells were more numerous in duodenum and jejunum, decreased in ileum and cecum, and increased again in colon and rectum. The frequencies also varied according to pre- and postnatal stages. All three cell types were most numerous in fetus, and decreased in calf and adult groups, indicating that the frequencies of these three types of endocrine cells decrease with postnatal development. The results suggest that these changes vary depending on feeding habits and adaptation of growth, secretion, and motility of intestine at different ontogenetic stages of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asadullah Hamid Pyarokhil
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan.
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6
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Adnyane IKM, Zuki AB, Noordin MM, Agungpriyono S. Immunohistochemical study of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the barking deer, Muntiacus muntjak. Anat Histol Embryol 2011; 40:365-74. [PMID: 21545643 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2011.01081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The morphology, distribution and relative frequencies of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) were investigated. The immunohistochemical method employed used seven types of antisera against chromogranin, serotonin, gastrin, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, glucagon and insulin. Chromogranin and serotonin immunoreactive (IR) cells were found throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Conversely, gastrin-IR cells were only found in the oxyntic gland, pyloric gland and duodenum, while cholecystokinin-IR and somatostatin-IR cells were detected in the oxyntic gland, pyloric gland and small intestines. Somatostatin-IR cells were also seen in the caecum. Glucagon-IR cells were found in all parts of the gastrointestinal tract apart from the colon and rectum. No insulin-IR cells were found in the gastrointestinal tract of this species. The cells in the small intestine were generally spindle shaped with long cytoplasmic processes ending in the lumen (open type), while in the stomach and large intestine, they were occasionally round or spherical in shape (closed type). An uncommon distribution pattern of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the barking deer was noted for cholecystokinin- and glucagon-IR cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K M Adnyane
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Indonesia
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Lam IPY, Siu FKY, Chu JYS, Chow BKC. Multiple actions of secretin in the human body. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 2008; 265:159-90. [PMID: 18275888 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(07)65004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of secretin initiated the field of endocrinology. Over the past century, multiple gastrointestinal functions of secretin have been extensively studied, and it was discovered that the principal function of this peptide in the gastrointestinal system is to facilitate digestion and to provide protection. In view of the late identification of secretin and the secretin receptor in various tissues, including the central nervous system, the pleiotropic functions of secretin have more recently been an area of intense focus. Secretin is a classical hormone, and recent studies clearly showed secretin's involvement in neural and neuroendocrine pathways, although the neuroactivity and neural regulation of its release are yet to be elucidated. This chapter reviews our current understanding of the pleiotropic actions of secretin with a special focus on the hormonal and neural interdependent pathways that mediate these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian P Y Lam
- Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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8
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Maruccio L, Lucini C, Antonucci R, Castaldo L. Development of some intestinal endocrine cell populations in water buffalo. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2007. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.s2.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Ku SK, Lee HS, Lee JH. The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the nude mice, Balb/c-nu/nu: an immunohistochemical study. Anat Histol Embryol 2006; 35:104-10. [PMID: 16542175 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The distributions and frequencies of some endocrine cells in the eight portions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract - fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum of the nude mouse, Balb/c-nu/nu were studied with immunohistochemical method using six types of anti-sera against serotonin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, somatostatin, glucagon and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP). All of six types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open type cell) while cells showing round in shape (close type cell) were found in the intestinal gland and stomach regions occasionally. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of GI tract. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole GI tract and they showed the highest frequency in the pylorus. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus and duodenum with numerous and a few frequencies, respectively. CCK-8-IR cells were also restricted to the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with numerous, a few and rare frequencies, respectively. Somatostatin-IR cells were demonstrated throughout the whole GI tract except for the colon and rectum, and they showed the highest frequency in the fundus. In addition, glucagon- and hPP-IR cells were restricted to the fundus and rectum, respectively with a few frequencies. In conclusion, the general distribution patterns and relative frequency of GI endocrine cells of the nude mouse, Balb/c-nu/nu was similar to that of other strains of mice. However, some strain and/or species-dependent unique distributions and frequencies of endocrine cells were also observed especially for somatostatin- and hPP-IR cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ku
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dong-Wha Pharmaceutical Industrial Co. Ltd, Anyang 430-017, Repubulic of Korea
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10
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Abstract
AIM: To clarify the types, regional distributions and distribution densities as well as morphological features of gastrointestinal (GI) endocrine cells in various parts of the gastrointestinal track (GIT) of four reptiles, Gekko japonicus, Eumeces chinensis, Sphenomorphus indicus and Eumeces elegans.
METHODS: Paraffin-embedded sections (5 μm) of seven parts (cardia, fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, rectum) of GIT dissected from the four reptiles were prepared. GI endocrine cells were revealed by using immunohistochemical techniques of streptavidin-peroxidase (S-P) method. Seven types of antisera against 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT), somatostatin (SS), gastrin (GAS), glucagon (GLU), substance P (SP), insulin and pancreatic polypeptide were identified and then GI endocrine cells were photomicrographed and counted.
RESULTS: The GI endocrine system of four reptiles was a complex structure containing many endocrine cell types similar in morphology to those found in higher vertebrates. Five types of GI endocrine cells, namely 5-HT, SS, GAS, SP and GLU immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified in the GIT of G. japonicus, E. chinensis and S. indicus; while in the GIT of E. elegans only the former three types of endocrine cells were observed. No PP- and INS- IR cells were found in all four reptiles. 5-HT-IR cells, which were most commonly found in the pylorus or duodenum, distributed throughout the whole GIT of four reptiles. However, their distribution patterns varied from each other. SS-IR cells, which were mainly found in the stomach especially in the pylorus and/or fundus, were demonstrated in the whole GIT of E. chinensis, only showed restricted distribution in the other three species. GAS-IR cells, with a much restricted distribution, were mainly demonstrated in the pylorus and/or the proximal small intestine of four reptiles. GLU-IR cells exhibited a limited and species-dependent variant distribution in the GIT of four reptiles. SP-IR cells were found throughout the GIT except for jejunum in E. elegans and showed a restricted distribution in the GIT of G. japonicus and S. indicus. In the GIT of four reptiles the region with the highest degree of cell type heterogeneity was pylorus and most types of GI endocrine cells along the GIT showed the peak density in pylorus as well.
CONCLUSION: Some common and unique features of the distribution and morphology of different types of GI endocrine cells are found in four reptiles. This common trait may reflect the similarity in digestive physiology of various vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Gen Huang
- Key Laboratories on Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China
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11
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Ku SK, Lee HS, Lee JH. An Immunohistochemical Study of Gastrointestinal Endocrine Cells in the BALB/c Mouse. Anat Histol Embryol 2004; 33:42-8. [PMID: 15027962 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2004.00508.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The distributions and frequencies of some endocrine cells in the eight portions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of BALB/c mouse were studied. Endocrine cells were stained using immunohistochemical method with seven types of antisera against bovine chromogranin (BCG), serotonin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, somatostatin, glucagon and human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP), and the regional distributions and their relative frequencies were observed in the eight portions of the GIT of BALB/c mice. All seven types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of the IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open type cell) while round-shaped cells (closed type cell) were found in the intestinal gland and stomach regions occasionally. Their relative frequencies varied according to each portion of the GIT. BCG-IR cells were observed throughout the whole GIT except for the rectum and they were most predominant in the pylorus. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole GIT and they showed the highest frequency in the fundus. Gastrin- and CCK-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus and duodenum with a majority in the pylorus and rare or a few frequencies in the duodenum. Compared with other mammals, somatostatin-IR cells were restricted to the fundus and pylorus with a few frequencies, respectively. In addition, glucagon- and HPP-IR cells were restricted to the fundus and duodenum, respectively, with relative low frequencies. Some species-dependent unique distributions and frequencies of endocrine cells were observed in the GIT of BALB/c mouse compared with other rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ku
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Kyungsan Univesrity, Kyungsan, Kyungpook, Republic of Korea
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12
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Gulmez N, Nazli M, Aslan S, Liman N. Immunolocalisation of serotonin, gastrin, somatostatin and glucagon in entero-endocrine cells of the goose (Anser anser). Acta Vet Hung 2003; 51:439-49. [PMID: 14680056 DOI: 10.1556/avet.51.2003.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The processes of digestion in the avian gastrointestinal tract depend on sophisticated control systems that co-ordinate secretion of digestive juices and movement of the luminal contents. In the current study, the distribution of serotonin-, gastrin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-immunoreactive endocrine cells was investigated by immunocytochemical methods in the intestinal tract of the goose. The number of cells immunoreactive for each antiserum was evaluated in different regions of the intestinal tract. Serotonin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-immunoreactive endocrine cells were seen throughout the intestinal tract, but somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were not detected in the colon of the goose. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were detected only in the duodenum, jejunum and colon mucosa. It is concluded that the distribution pattern of the entero-endocrine cells in the goose is similar to that of most of the mammalian and other poultry species.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gulmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, 36100 Kars, Turkey.
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Ku SK, Lee HS, Lee JH. An immunohistochemical study of the gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the C57BL/6 mice. Anat Histol Embryol 2003; 32:21-8. [PMID: 12733269 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0264.2003.00433.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the eight portions (fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) of the gastrointestinal tract of C57BL/6 mouse was studied with immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific anti-sera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin, somatostatin, human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP), glucagon, gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK)-8. In this study, all these seven types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of these IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open-type cell) while cells showing round in shape (closed-type cell) were found in the intestinal gland and stomach regions occasionally. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of gastrointestinal tract. CGA-IR cells were demonstrated throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract and they showed most predominant in the pylorus and duodenum. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout whole gastrointestinal tract and they showed highest frequency in the stomach and colon. Somatostatin-IR cells were demonstrated throughout whole gastrointestinal tract except for large intestine and showed highest frequency in the fundus. HPP-IR cells were found in the fundus with rare frequency. Peculiarly, glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the fundus, ileum and colon with a few frequencies. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus with numerous frequency and CCK-8-IR cells were observed in the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with numerous and/or a few frequencies, respectively. In conclusion, some peculiar distributional patterns of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were found in C57BL/6 mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ku
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Central Research Laboratories, Dong-Wha Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd, Anyang 430-017, Republic of Korea
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Ku SK, Lee JH, Lee HS, Park KD. The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells in SHK-1 hairless mice: an immunohistochemical study. Anat Histol Embryol 2002; 31:78-84. [PMID: 12047243 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0264.2002.00362.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the eight portions (fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon and rectum) of the gastrointestinal tract of SKH-1 hairless mice were investigated using immunohistochemical methods and seven types of specific antisera against somatostatin, serotonin, glucagon, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, secretin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and gastrin. In this study, somatostatin-, serotonin-, glucagon-, CCK-8-, secretin- and gastrin-immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of these IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle-shaped (open-type cell) while cells that were round in shape (close-type cell) were occasionally found in the stomach regions. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin-IR cells were found throughout the gastrointestinal tract except for the large intestine. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract and were the most predominant endocrine cell types in this species of mouse. Glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the fundus, occurring rarely. CCK-8-IR cells were observed in the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with frequencies that were numerous, moderate and few, respectively. Peculiarly, secretin-IR cells were demonstrated in the whole intestinal tract with either few or rare frequencies. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus and were numerous. However, no PP-IR cells were found in this study. In conclusion, some peculiar distributional patterns of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were found in SKH-1 hairless mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-K Ku
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Laboratory, Dong-Wha Pharmaceutical Industrial Co, Anyang 430-017, Korea
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15
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Abstract
In the last two decades, multiple aspects of the peptide YY (PYY) secretion have been investigated. Besides fat and fatty acids, many luminal nutrients in the distal intestine appear to induce PYY release. Some studies have shown that bile acid, but not nutrients, plays a crucial role in the regulation of PYY secretion. Moreover, chyme in the proximal intestine also regulates the peptide release by indirect action through humoral and neuronal factors. Gastrin, cholecystokinin, and the vagus nerve are major candidates for mediators of these indirect actions. Several growth factors have been shown to regulate PYY synthesis in mucosa of the distal intestine. This review is aimed at presenting an overview of these recent studies on PYY secretion in the distal intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Onaga
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
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Soehartono RH, Kitamura N, Yamagishi N, Taguchi K, Yamada J, Yamada H. An immunohistochemical study of endocrine cells in the abomasum of vagotomized calf. J Vet Med Sci 2002; 64:11-5. [PMID: 11853139 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.64.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of thoraco-vagotomy on the distribution and frequency of chromogranin-, serotonin-, somatostatin- and gastrin-immunoreactive cells in the abomasum of the calf were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Calves were vagotomized at 1 week old and sampled 2 and 4 weeks later. The endocrine cells generally decreased in number in vagotomized calves as compared to non-operated control calves. However, the detailed responses of endocrine cells to vagotomy varied depending on the endocrine cell type, region of gastric mucosa, and period after vagotomy. The present result suggests that the vagus nerve has an influence on the intrinsic regulatory system by endocrine cell control in the ruminant abomasum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raden Harry Soehartono
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan
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Agungpriyono S, Macdonald AA, Leus KY, Kitamura N, Adnyane IK, Goodall GP, Hondo E, Yamada J. Immunohistochemical study on the distribution of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the babirusa, Babyrousa babyrussa (Suidae). Anat Histol Embryol 2000; 29:173-8. [PMID: 10916880 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0264.2000.00258.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the babirusa were studied immunohistochemically using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Thirteen types of gut endocrine cells were detected; they were immunoreactive for chromogranin, serotonin, somatostatin, gastrin, bovine pancreatic polypeptide (BPP), glucagon, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), methionine-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (MENK8), motilin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY). Cells that were immunoreactive for chromogranin, serotonin, somatostatin and glucagon were found in all portions of the gastrointestinal tract. MENK8-immunoreactive cells were observed in the stomach and small intestine. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the pyloric region and duodenum. PYY-immunoreactive cells were found in the small and large intestine. Cells immunoreactive for motilin, CCK, GIP, and secretin were observed in the proximal small intestine and those immunoreactive for neurotensin were found only in the ileum. Although the distribution pattern of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of babirusa was similar to those reported for pig, restricted distribution of several endocrine cells, gastrin, BPP, MENK8, motilin, CCK, GIP, secretin and neurotensin and wider distribution of glucagon and PYY were observed in the babirusa. The unexpected presence of MENK8 in all glandular regions of the stomach and PYY in the small intestine was also noted. The distribution of gut endocrine cells might be related to the regulatory characteristics of the babirusa digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agungpriyono
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan
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Abstract
Peptide YY (PYY)-positive cells are distributed in the mucosa of the ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum of sheep, but not in other layers of these regions. By radioimmunoassay, mucosal content of PYY in the ovine large intestine was much less than that in the rat intestine. The plasma concentration of immunoreactive PYY did not significantly fluctuate over a 48-h period in conscious sheep, even after ingestion of roughage and concentrate. Intraluminal nutrients into the ileum and i.v. CCK8 also did not raise the plasma level of PYY. Therefore, PYY seems unlikely to play a role as "ileal brake" in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Onaga
- Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582-1 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, 069-8501, Hokkaido, Japan.
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