• IBS
• SIBO
• anxiety
• personality traits
• stress

• Humans
• Anxiety/epidemiology
• Blind Loop Syndrome/complications
• Breath Tests
• Intestine, Small
• Personality
• Poland/epidemiology

• anxiety
• catastrophizing
• chronic pelvic pain
• depression
• pain acceptance
• personality traits

• ROME IV criteria
• functional constipation
• obsessive–compulsive disorder
• personality traits

• environmental sensitivity
• gastrointestinal symptoms
• highly sensitive person
• physical health
• sensory processing sensitivity

• Adult
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology
• Humans
• Japan/epidemiology
• Male
• Perception
• Personality

• 16S rRNA
• comorbidity
• functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs)
• general anxiety disorders (GAD)
• gut microbiome

The present study aimed to assess the influence of personality traits on the variability of sensitivity to pain in two distinct groups of healthy subjects with low versus high sensitivity to pain (LSP vs HSP, respectively).

Healthy subjects (n=156) were allocated to two groups according to their tolerability to cold stimulation (cold pressor test, CPT, 1°C). Group LSP (n=76) reached the cut-off time of 180±0 sec, and a size matched group of HSP (n=80) tolerated the CPT for an average of 10.5±3.4 sec only. Subjects from both groups completed the self-reported pain sensitivity questionnaire (PSQ), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness - Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI).

In comparison to the LSP group, HSP individuals had higher scores of PSQ (p<0.001), catastrophizing (p=0.001), and extraversion (p=0.01). By adjusting for age and gender, mediation analyses revealed that catastrophizing mediated the relationship between neuroticism and pain sensitivity, both in the allocation of subjects to a certain group of sensitivity to pain (LSP or HSP, B=0.02 95% CI: 0.006–0.040) and in the PSQ score (B=0.01 95% CI: 0.001–0.023).

These results, which were demonstrated by two different prisms (CPT and PSQ), point to the potential of the five-factor inventory and pain catastrophizing scale as tools for identifying specific personality traits associated with a high sensitivity to pain.

• FFM
• PSQ
• pain catastrophizing
• personality traits
• sensitivity to pain

• Humans
• Law Enforcement
• Police
• Probability
• Surveys and Questionnaires

• anxiety
• depression
• dyspepsia
• emotion
• psychotherapy

• MIMIC model
• Personality traits
• Psychosomatic complaints

• Adult
• Body Mass Index
• Educational Status
• Extraversion, Psychological
• Female
• Humans
• Iran
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neuroticism
• Personality
• Personality Inventory
• Psychophysiologic Disorders/epidemiology
• Psychophysiologic Disorders/psychology
• Surveys and Questionnaires

• diarrhea
• macaque
• personality
• primate
• temperament

• Animal Husbandry
• Animals
• Chronic Disease
• Diarrhea/etiology
• Diarrhea/veterinary
• Housing, Animal
• Macaca mulatta/psychology
• Monkey Diseases/etiology
• Personality
• Stress, Psychological

• P51OD011157 NIH Office of the Director
• R24 RR019970 NCRR NIH HHS
• R24 OD011157 NIH HHS
• P51 OD011107 NIH HHS
• R24 OD010962 NIH HHS
• P51 RR000169 NCRR NIH HHS
• P51RR000169 NCRR NIH HHS
• R24RR019970 NCRR NIH HHS
• R24OD010962 NIH Office of the Director

• Anger
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Functional gastrointestinal disorder

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Anger/physiology
• Anxiety/diagnosis
• Anxiety/epidemiology
• Anxiety/psychology
• Chronic Disease
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Depression/diagnosis
• Depression/epidemiology
• Depression/psychology
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/psychology
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Young Adult

• Brain-gut axis
• Conscientiousness
• Gut microbiota
• Neuroticism
• Personality

• Abdominal pain
• Functional gastrointestinal disorder
• Health related quality of life
• Healthcare consultation
• Personality
• Psychological maladjustment

• Abdominal Pain/psychology
• Adolescent
• Chronic Disease/psychology
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Emotional Adjustment
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/psychology
• Humans
• Male
• Patient Acceptance of Health Care
• Personality
• Prevalence
• Quality of Life
• Sri Lanka/epidemiology
• Surveys and Questionnaires

• Chronic pain
• Harm avoidance
• Neuroticism
• Personality
• Self-directedness

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is increasingly measured as an outcome for clinical and health services research. However, relatively little is known about how non-health factors affect HRQOL. Personality is a potentially important factor, yet evidence regarding the effects of personality on HRQOL measures is unclear.

This systematic review examined the relationships among aspects of personality and HRQOL. Eligible studies were identified from Medline and PsycINFO. The review included 76 English-language studies with HRQOL as a primary outcome and that assessed personality from the psychological perspective. Individuals with various health states, including ill (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular disorders), aging, and healthy, were included in this review study.

Some personality characteristics were consistently related to psychosocial aspects more often than physical aspects of HRQOL. Personality characteristics, especially neuroticism, mastery, optimism, and sense of coherence were most likely to be associated with psychosocial HRQOL. Personality explained varying proportions of variance in different domains of HRQOL. The range of variance explained in psychosocial HRQOL was 0 to 45% and the range of explained variance in physical HRQOL was 0 to 39%.

Personality characteristics are related to HRQOL. Systematic collection and analysis of personality data alongside HRQOL measures may be helpful in medical research, clinical practice, and health policy evaluation.

• Adaptation, Psychological
• Anxiety/physiopathology
• Anxiety/psychology
• Anxiety Disorders/physiopathology
• Anxiety Disorders/psychology
• Depression/physiopathology
• Depression/psychology
• Extraversion, Psychological
• Female
• Health Status
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neuroticism
• Personality
• Personality Disorders/physiopathology
• Personality Disorders/psychology
• Quality of Life/psychology
• Surveys and Questionnaires

• National Institutes of Health

• Brain activity
• Functional connectivity
• Neuroticism
• Resting state
• fALFF
• fMRI

Within national and international societies of psychosomatic medicine the idea has emerged of bringing together and coordinating psychosomatic, behavioural, psychological and medical actions with common interests throughout Europe as a way to increase their scientific and political influence.

It was felt that there was a strong need and opportunity of a common and unifying forum for scientific exchange.

It was considered desirable to exchange scientific thoughts and experiences in an open minded and boundless way, among individuals and societies, between disciplines and across borders. The course of ideas and discussions within the group of European psychosomatic scientists over 12 years is presented as an effort to combine strengths and actions supporting clinical psychosomatic research and medical practice in Europe. The fields of psycho-cardiology, quality in primary care, psycho-oncology, gastrointestinal psychosomatics, C/L Psychiatry, and Psychosomatics are examples of such positive developments.

Several historic ideas are mentioned and the aims and advantages of the newly founded European Association of Psychosomatic Medicine are discussed. The advantages and virtues of a more powerful common European organisation of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychiatric Consultation-Liaison are compared to continuing our work within the present Psychosomatic/Psychiatric and Behavioural fields.

Psychosomatic and Behavioural Medicine have reached a strong position in Europe. There are studies in which the medical speciality is on equal terms with psychosomatic medicine representatives. There is a continuous need for scientific conferences, for teaching, and for better practice with patients. This could be coordinated by a network. Much energy and time is lost in isolated societies and countries. We want to focus our resources in scientific projects within the boundaries of a scientific network with the primary aim of developing psychosomatic scientific exchange.

• Cooperation
• Health care
• Network
• Psychosomatic medicine
• Research

• Alexithymia
• Anger
• Anxiety
• Conscientiousness
• Depression
• Emotions
• Extraversion
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Neuroticism
• Personality

• Affective Symptoms/psychology
• Anxiety Disorders/psychology
• Emotions
• Extraversion, Psychological
• Humans
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome/psychology
• Neuroticism
• Personality
• Quality of Life
• Stress, Psychological/psychology
• Type D Personality

Introduction. This study aimed to determine if preoperative psychological tests combined with simple pain prediction ratings could predict pain intensity and analgesic usage following cesarean delivery (CD). Methods. 50 healthy women undergoing scheduled CD with spinal anesthesia comprised the prospective study cohort. Preoperative predictors included 4 validated psychological questionnaires (Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Fear of Pain (FPQ), Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire) and 3 simple ratings: expected postoperative pain (0–10), anticipated analgesic threshold (0–10), and perceived analgesic needs (0–10). Postoperative outcome measures included post-CD pain (combined rest and movement) and opioid used for the 48-hour study period. Results. Bivariate correlations were significant with expected pain and opioid usage (r = 0.349), anticipated analgesic threshold and post-CD pain (r = −0.349), and perceived analgesic needs and post-CD pain (r = 0.313). Multiple linear regression analysis found that expected postoperative pain and anticipated analgesic needs contributed to post-CD pain prediction modeling (R² = 0.443, p < 0.0001); expected postoperative pain, ASI, and FPQ were associated with opioid usage (R² = 0.421, p < 0.0001). Conclusion. Preoperative psychological tests combined with simple pain prediction ratings accounted for 44% and 42% of pain and analgesic use variance, respectively. Preoperatively determined expected postoperative pain and perceived analgesic needs appear to be useful predictors for post-CD pain and analgesic requirements.

• Anxiety
• Chronic dizziness
• Introversion
• Neuroticism
• Risk factor
• Temperament

Previous studies have reported that patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) show high neuroticism. However, the precise association between the IBS subtypes and the degree of neuroticism in younger populations is largely unknown. We tested our hypothesis that subjects with diarrhea-predominant IBS may have a higher degree of neuroticism than subjects without IBS or those with other subtypes of IBS. We also verified the additional hypothesis that the severity of neuroticism might be correlated with the severity of IBS in younger populations.

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 557 university students, ranging in age from 18 to 21 years. Presence/ absence of IBS and determination of the IBS subtype was by the Rome II Modular Questionnaire, while the severity of IBS was determined by the IBS severity index (IBS-SI). The degree of neuroticism was evaluated using the Maudsely Personality Inventory (MPI). The presence/absence of psychological distress was measured with the K6 scale.

Neuroticism scores in the subjects with diarrhea-predominant IBS were significantly higher than those in the non-IBS subjects or subjects with constipation-predominant IBS. The neuroticism scores were significantly correlated with the IBS-SI scores in all subjects with IBS.

These results suggest that neuroticism is involved in the pathophysiology of IBS in young subjects, especially in that of the diarrhea-predominant subtype.

To assess the efficacy of a short-term comprehensive yoga-based lifestyle intervention in reducing anxiety, improving subjective well-being and personality.

The study is a part of an ongoing larger study at a tertiary care hospital. Participants (n=90) included patients with chronic diseases attending a 10-day, yoga-based lifestyle intervention program for prevention and management of chronic diseases, and healthy controls (n=45) not attending any such intervention.

Change in state and trait anxiety questionnaire (STAI-Y; 40 items), subjective well-being inventory (SUBI; 40 items), and neuroticism extraversion openness to experience five factor personality inventory revised (NEO-FF PI-R; 60 items) at the end of intervention.

Following intervention, the STAI-Y scores reduced significantly (P<0.001) at Day 10 (66.7 ± 13.0) versus Day 1 (72.5 ± 14.7). Also, positive SUBI scores (F1– F6) improved significantly (P<0.01) at Day 10 versus Day 1. Similarly NEO-FF PI-R scores improved significantly (P<0.001) at Day 10 versus Day 1. Control group showed an increase in STAI-Y while SUBI and NEO-FF PI-R scores remained comparable at Day 10 versus Day 1.

The observations suggest that a short-term, yoga-based lifestyle intervention may significantly reduce anxiety and improve subjective well-being and personality in patients with chronic diseases.

• Anxiety
• personality
• short-term yoga-based lifestyle intervention
• stress
• subjective well-being

Emotional maturity and social awareness are important for adolescents, particularly college students beginning to face the challenges and risks of the adult world. However, there has been relatively little research into personality maturation and psychological development during late adolescence and the neural changes underlying this development. We investigated the correlation between psychological properties (neuroticism, extraversion, anxiety, and depression) and age among late adolescents (n = 25, from 18 years and 1 month to 22 years and 8 months). The results revealed that late adolescents became less neurotic, less anxious, less depressive and more extraverted as they aged. Participants then observed video clips depicting hand movements with and without a risk of harm (risk-taking or safe actions) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results revealed that risk-taking actions elicited significantly stronger activation in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule, temporal visual regions (superior/middle temporal areas), and parieto-occipital visual areas (cuneus, middle occipital gyri, precuneus). We found positive correlations of age and extraversion with neural activation in the insula, middle temporal gyrus, lingual gyrus, and precuneus. We also found a negative correlation of age and anxiety with activation in the angular gyrus, precentral gyrus, and red nucleus/substantia nigra. Moreover, we found that insula activation mediated the relationship between age and extraversion. Overall, our results indicate that late adolescents become less anxious and more extraverted with age, a process involving functional neural changes in brain networks related to social cognition and emotional processing. The possible neural mechanisms of psychological and social maturation during late adolescence are discussed.

• Adult
• Chronic Pain/epidemiology
• Chronic Pain/psychology
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Personality
• Personality Disorders/complications
• Personality Disorders/epidemiology
• Stress, Psychological/complications
• Stress, Psychological/epidemiology
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Tension-Type Headache/psychology

To explore clinical patterns, predisposing factors, psychosocial aspects and the possible pathogenesis in Functional Vomiting (FV) patients.

Ten healthy subjects and 19 FV patients participated in this study. Gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological state were evaluated by questionnaires, including Zung self-rating anxiety and depression scale and Eysenck personality questionnaire. Cutaneous electrogastrography, perfusion nutrition load test and intragastric pressure were performed in patients. Perfusion nutrition load test and intragastric pressure were also performed in healthy subjects.

FV involved young female predominantly (4 male, 15 female; age 25.8 ± 8.4 years). Postprandial vomiting soon after meal without self-induced maneuver was the most common pattern of FV. Prevalence for overlaps between FV and functional dyspepsia was high (84.2%). Emotional changes and stress contributed to the development of FV. Prevalence of abnormal psychological status and personality in patients with FV was high (83.3% and 47.1%). Patients with FV had significant postprandial gastric dysrhythmia, impaired gastric accommodation and enhanced gastric sensitivity. There were significant correlations between clinical presentations, gastric function and psychological states.

Patients with FV had abnormal psychological status, gastric dysmotility and hypersensitivity, which indicated that both of peripheral and central abnormalities could contribute to the pathogenesis of FV.

• Pathophysiology
• Psychosocial factors
• Vomiting

• Adult
• Autonomic Nervous System/physiology
• Brain Stem/anatomy & histology
• Brain Stem/physiology
• Catheterization
• Cluster Analysis
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Pain/physiopathology
• Pain/psychology
• Pain Measurement
• Pain Threshold
• Personality
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Visceral Afferents/physiology
• Young Adult

• G0600965 Medical Research Council
• Cancer Research UK

AIM: To evaluate rational and experiential intelligence in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) sufferers.

METHODS: We recruited 100 subjects with IBS as per Rome II criteria (50 consulters and 50 non-consulters) and 100 healthy controls, matched by age, sex and educational level. Cases and controls completed a clinical questionnaire (including symptom characteristics and medical consultation) and the following tests: rational-intelligence (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd edition); experiential-intelligence (Constructive Thinking Inventory); personality (NEO personality inventory); psychopathology (MMPI-2), anxiety (state-trait anxiety inventory) and life events (social readjustment rating scale). Analysis of variance was used to compare the test results of IBS-sufferers and controls, and a logistic regression model was then constructed and adjusted for age, sex and educational level to evaluate any possible association with IBS.

RESULTS: No differences were found between IBS cases and controls in terms of IQ (102.0 ± 10.8 vs 102.8 ± 12.6), but IBS sufferers scored significantly lower in global constructive thinking (43.7 ± 9.4 vs 49.6 ± 9.7). In the logistic regression model, global constructive thinking score was independently linked to suffering from IBS [OR 0.92 (0.87-0.97)], without significant OR for total IQ.

CONCLUSION: IBS subjects do not show lower rational intelligence than controls, but lower experiential intelligence is nevertheless associated with IBS.

• Constructive thinking
• Intelligence tests
• Intelligence
• Irritable bowel syndrome

• Affect
• Anxiety/psychology
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
• Culture
• Disability Evaluation
• Exercise/psychology
• Fatigue/psychology
• Fatigue/rehabilitation
• Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/psychology
• Helplessness, Learned
• Humans
• Multiple Sclerosis/psychology
• Multiple Sclerosis/rehabilitation
• Personality
• Physical Therapy Modalities
• Sick Role

• Gastrointestinal Diseases/psychology
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/therapy
• Humans
• Meta-Analysis as Topic
• Psychotherapy
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Treatment Outcome

• five-factor model
• irritable bowel syndrome
• personality

• irritable bowel syndrome
• personality
• conscientiousness
• neuroticism
• openness
• constipation-predominant

• Adult
• Attitude to Health
• Conscience
• Constipation/etiology
• Constipation/physiopathology
• Constipation/psychology
• Diarrhea/etiology
• Diarrhea/physiopathology
• Diarrhea/psychology
• Female
• Humans
• Iran
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome/complications
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome/physiopathology
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome/psychology
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neurotic Disorders/etiology
• Personality
• Personality Inventory
• Self Disclosure
• Surveys and Questionnaires

• Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use
• Anxiety/drug therapy
• Anxiety/epidemiology
• Anxiety/therapy
• Comorbidity
• Depressive Disorder/drug therapy
• Depressive Disorder/epidemiology
• Depressive Disorder/therapy
• Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology
• Health Care Costs
• Health Surveys
• Humans
• Psychiatry
• Psychotherapy
• Quality of Life
• Somatoform Disorders/drug therapy
• Somatoform Disorders/therapy

• Adaptation, Physiological
• Adaptation, Psychological
• Adult
• Attitude of Health Personnel
• Burnout, Professional/etiology
• Burnout, Professional/prevention & control
• Depression/etiology
• Depression/prevention & control
• Fatigue/etiology
• Fatigue/prevention & control
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Job Satisfaction
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Models, Psychological
• New South Wales
• Night Care
• Nursing Methodology Research
• Nursing Staff, Hospital/education
• Nursing Staff, Hospital/organization & administration
• Nursing Staff, Hospital/psychology
• Occupational Diseases/etiology
• Occupational Diseases/prevention & control
• Occupational Health
• Self Care/methods
• Self Care/psychology
• Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm/etiology
• Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm/prevention & control
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Work Schedule Tolerance
• Workforce

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly prevalent but heterogeneous disorder in which multiple pathogenetic mechanisms are involved. Although there are many studies that have investigated various pathophysiologic mechanisms, the underlying casual pathways associated with FD remain obscure. The currently proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with FD include genetic susceptibility, delayed as well as accelerated gastric emptying, visceral hypersensitivity to acid or mechanical distention, impaired gastric accommodation, abnormal fundic phasic contractions, abnormal antro-duodenal motility, acute and chronic infections, and psychosocial comorbidity. A greater understanding of the abnormalities underlying FD may lead to improved management. The aim of this editorial is to provide a critical overview of current pathophysiologic concepts in functional dyspepsia.

• Functional dyspepsia
• Gastric function
• Pathophysiology

• Dyspepsia/etiology
• Dyspepsia/physiopathology
• Dyspepsia/psychology
• Gastric Emptying
• Helicobacter Infections/complications
• Helicobacter pylori
• Humans
• Stomach/innervation
• Stomach/physiopathology