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Li X, Xiang H, Liang R, Han X, Zhong R, Liu H, Fang Y. Tannin alleviated reproductive dysfunction in pregnant ewes infected with Haemonchus contortus. Front Vet Sci 2025; 12:1531233. [PMID: 40007749 PMCID: PMC11851946 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1531233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) infection has a significant impact on the health of pregnant ewes and adversely affects fetal development, highlighting the critical need for a non-toxic feed additive as an alternative and sustainable control strategy. Tannin is a kind of polyphenol compound, which has certain antiparasitic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of dietary tannin supplementation on fecal egg count (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV), complete blood count (CBC), hormone levels, inflammatory markers, placental inflammation, and fetal growth and development in pregnant ewes infected with H. contortus. Methods Hulunbuir ewes were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CON), gastrointestinal nematode infection group (GIN), and tannin group, which was infected by H. contortus with tannin feeding therapy (TAN). After artificial insemination was completed, and the ewes were confirmed for pregnancy and infection; stools were collected for FEC, and blood samples were collected for PCV and CBC, hormonal, and inflammation levels. The mRNA levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis-related hormone receptors and placental tissue inflammation genes were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Finally, fetal weights were measured, and fetal ovarian tissue samples were taken for transcriptomic analysis. Results The results showed that tannins increased the levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen (E2), progesterone (P4), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), red blood cell (RBC) counts, packed cell volume (PCV), and mRNA levels of gonadotropic axis receptors in pregnant ewes infected with H. contortus (p < 0.05). In addition, tannin reduced fecal egg count (FEC), leukocyte counts, and mRNA levels of inflammatory markers (p < 0.05). In addition, fetal ovarian sequencing further showed that tannin may alleviate the delay in fetal growth and development induced by H. contortus infection (p < 0.05). Conclusion In summary, tannins have anthelmintic effects, restore reproductive hormone levels in pregnant ewes, reduce inflammation levels, and alleviate fetal growth retardation caused by H. contortus infection. Therefore, tannin is a suitable potential alternative to antibiotics as a feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resource Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hai Xiang
- Jilin Provincial Laboratory of Grassland Farming, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Liang
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resource Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyu Han
- Jilin Provincial Laboratory of Grassland Farming, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongzhen Zhong
- Jilin Provincial Laboratory of Grassland Farming, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resource Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resource Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Jabra S, Rietsche M, Muellerleile J, O'Leary A, Slattery DA, Deller T, Fellenz M. Sex- and cycle-dependent changes in spine density and size in hippocampal CA2 neurons. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12252. [PMID: 38806649 PMCID: PMC11133407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones affect structural and functional plasticity in the rodent hippocampus. However, hormone levels not only differ between males and females, but also fluctuate across the female estrous cycle. While sex- and cycle-dependent differences in dendritic spine density and morphology have been found in the rodent CA1 region, but not in the CA3 or the dentate gyrus, comparable structural data on CA2, i.e. the hippocampal region involved in social recognition memory, is so far lacking. In this study, we, therefore, used wildtype male and female mice in diestrus or proestrus to analyze spines on dendritic segments from identified CA2 neurons. In basal stratum oriens, we found no differences in spine density, but a significant shift towards larger spine head areas in male mice compared to females. Conversely, in apical stratum radiatum diestrus females had a significantly higher spine density, and females in either cycle stage had a significant shift towards larger spine head areas as compared to males, with diestrus females showing the larger shift. Our results provide further evidence for the sexual dimorphism of hippocampal area CA2, and underscore the importance of considering not only the sex, but also the stage of the estrous cycle when interpreting morphological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Jabra
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Rietsche
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Muellerleile
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Aet O'Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David A Slattery
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Meike Fellenz
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Abd El-Rahman SS, Ashwish NM, Ali ME. Appraisal of the Pre-Emptive Effect of Lactoferrin Against Chromium-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5321-5334. [PMID: 36877398 PMCID: PMC10509115 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LCF), a potent naturally occurring antioxidant, is a crucial component in preventing potassium dichromate (PDC) toxicity. The goal of the current work was to study the potential efficacy of LCF in preventing PDC(CrVI)-induced testicular toxicity and oxidative injury in rats. Six groups of male rats of Wistar stain were randomly categorized into: group 1, which served as the control; group 2 and 3 received LCF (200 and 300 mg/kg orally, respectively); group 4 received PDC (2 mg/kg i.p.); group 5 and 6 pretreated with LCF, followed by PDC as in group 4 with 90 min apart for 28 days. PDC-intoxicated rats showed a significantly altered spermogram with abnormal sperm morphology. PDC significantly upregulated serum FSH and downregulated testosterone levels. Additionally, PDC decreased the levels of testicular key antioxidant biomarkers (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH)) with elevated lipid peroxidation marker (TBARS) and testicular chromium content. Moreover, it upregulated testicular proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, induced histopathological changes in testes with significant immunohistochemical expression of FasL and moderate expression of Nrf2. Pretreatment with LCF significantly mitigated PDC-induced testicular toxicity by enhancing spermogram, improving hormonal levels, restoring testicular oxidant/antioxidant balance, and decreasing testicular IL-1, IL6, IL-10, and TNFα levels, and amending both FasL and Nrf2 immunohistochemical-expression. Additionally, LCF improved testicular histopathological picture and spermatogenesis. Our results highlight the importance of LCF as a superior protective modulator of PDC-induced testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar S Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Nadia M Ashwish
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology-PhD, 2018, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Merhan E Ali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Burguete MC, Jover-Mengual T, Castelló-Ruiz M, López-Morales MA, Centeno JM, Aliena-Valero A, Alborch E, Torregrosa G, Salom JB. Cerebroprotective Effect of 17β-Estradiol Replacement Therapy in Ovariectomy-Induced Post-Menopausal Rats Subjected to Ischemic Stroke: Role of MAPK/ERK1/2 Pathway and PI3K-Independent Akt Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14303. [PMID: 37762606 PMCID: PMC10531725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the overwhelming advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of stroke, a devastating disease affecting millions of people worldwide, currently there are only a limited number of effective treatments available. Preclinical and clinical studies show that stroke is a sexually dimorphic disorder, affecting males and females differently. Strong experimental evidence indicates that estrogen may play a role in this difference and that exogenous 17β-estradiol (E2) is neuroprotective against stroke in both male and female rodents. However, the molecular mechanisms by which E2 intervenes in ischemia-induced cell death, revealing these sex differences, remain unclear. The present study was aimed to determine, in female rats, the molecular mechanisms of two well-known pro-survival signaling pathways, MAPK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt, that mediate E2 neuroprotection in response to acute ischemic stroke. E2 pretreatment reduced brain damage and attenuated apoptotic cell death in ovariectomized female rats after an ischemic insult. Moreover, E2 decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and prevented ischemia/reperfusion-induced dephosphorylation of both Akt and the pro-apoptotic protein, BAD. However, MAPK/ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059, but not the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, attenuated E2 neuroprotection. Thus, these results suggested that E2 pretreatment in ovariectomized female rats modulates MAPK/ERK1/2 and activates Akt independently of PI3K to promote cerebroprotection in ischemic stroke. A better understanding of the mechanisms and the influence of E2 in the female sex paves the way for the design of future successful hormone replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C. Burguete
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Teresa Jover-Mengual
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - María Castelló-Ruiz
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Mikahela A. López-Morales
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Centeno
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Alicia Aliena-Valero
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Alborch
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Germán Torregrosa
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan B. Salom
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (M.C.B.); (M.C.-R.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.M.C.); (A.A.-V.); (E.A.); (G.T.); (J.B.S.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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Golizeh M, Nam J, Chatelain E, Jackson Y, Ohlund LB, Rasoolizadeh A, Camargo FV, Mahrouche L, Furtos A, Sleno L, Ndao M. New metabolic signature for Chagas disease reveals sex steroid perturbation in humans and mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12380. [PMID: 36590505 PMCID: PMC9800200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Chagas disease (CD), Trypanosoma cruzi, claims thousands of lives each year. Current diagnostic tools are insufficient to ensure parasitological detection in chronically infected patients has been achieved. A host-derived metabolic signature able to distinguish CD patients from uninfected individuals and assess antiparasitic treatment efficiency is introduced. Serum samples were collected from chronic CD patients, prior to and three years after treatment, and subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis against demographically matched CD-negative controls. Five metabolites were confirmed by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Several database matches for sex steroids were significantly altered in CD patients. A murine experiment corroborated sex steroid perturbation in T. cruzi-infected mice, particularly in male animals. Proteomics analysis also found increased steroidogenesis in the testes of infected mice. Metabolic alterations identified in this study shed light on the pathogenesis and provide the basis for developing novel assays for the diagnosis and screening of CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makan Golizeh
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Concordia University of Edmonton, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John Nam
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health (IDIGH) Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Chatelain
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves Jackson
- Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leanne B. Ohlund
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Center for Excellence in Research on Orphan Diseases – Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Asieh Rasoolizadeh
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fabio Vasquez Camargo
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louiza Mahrouche
- Chemistry Department, Regional Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandra Furtos
- Chemistry Department, Regional Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lekha Sleno
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Center for Excellence in Research on Orphan Diseases – Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Corresponding author.
| | - Momar Ndao
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health (IDIGH) Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Corresponding author.
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Shehata AM, Salem FMS, El-Saied EM, Abd El-Rahman SS, Mahmoud MY, Noshy PA. Zinc Nanoparticles Ameliorate the Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Silver Nanoparticles in Male Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2555-2568. [PMID: 33833511 PMCID: PMC8020588 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s307189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are among the most commonly used nanoparticles in different fields. Zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) are known for their antioxidant effect. This study was designed to investigate the adverse effects of Ag-NPs (50 nm) on the male reproductive system and also the ameliorative effect of Zn-NPs (100 nm) against these harmful effects. Methods Forty adult male rats were used in this study; they were randomly divided into four equal groups: control group, Ag-NPs group, Zn-NPs group, Ag-NPs + Zn-NPs group. Ag-NPs (50 mg/kg) and/or Zn-NPs (30 mg/kg) were administered orally for 90 days. Results The results revealed that exposure to Ag-NPs adversely affected sperm motility, morphology, viability, and concentration. Ag-NPs also induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue. The exposure to Ag-NPs decreased serum FSH, LH, and testosterone hormones. Additionally, comet assay revealed DNA degeneration in the testicular tissue of rats exposed to Ag-NPs. Histopathological examination showed various histological alterations in the testes of rats intoxicated with Ag-NPs. Furthermore, co-administration of Zn-NPs ameliorated most of the toxic effects of Ag-NPs via their antioxidative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Shehata
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fatma M S Salem
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eiman M El-Saied
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sahar S Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Peter A Noshy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Grafe LA, Bhatnagar S. The contribution of orexins to sex differences in the stress response. Brain Res 2020; 1731:145893. [PMID: 30081036 PMCID: PMC6360123 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Women are twice as likely as men to suffer from stress-related psychiatric disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), however, the biological basis of these sex differences is not fully understood. Interestingly, orexins are known to be dysregulated in these disorders. This review first discusses the important role of orexins regulating the response to stress. Next, we review the evidence for sex differences in the orexin system, in which the majority of both preclinical and clinical studies have reported higher orexin system expression in females. Finally, we discuss the functional consequences of these sex differences in orexin expression. Most importantly, the preclinical literature reveals that higher orexin system activity in females contributes to exaggerated neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stress. In sum, the available data suggests that orexins may be important in the etiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders that present differently in men and women. Thus, targeting orexins could potentially ameliorate many phenotypes of stress-related illness in a sex-specific way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Grafe
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Seema Bhatnagar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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8
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Shaw S, Kumar U, Bhaumik G, Reddy MPK, Kumar B, Ghosh D. Alterations of estrous cycle, 3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and progesterone synthesis in female rats after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3458. [PMID: 32103034 PMCID: PMC7044287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanism regulating hypoxia induced alteration in female steroid hormones is first time explored in this study. To understand the mechanistic approach, female Sprague- Dawley rats were exposed to acute and chronic hypobaric hypoxia (282 mm-Hg, ~7620 m, 6 hours, 3 and 7 days). Estrous cycle, body weight, plasma progesterone and estradiol levels, morphology, histology and two key steroidogenic enzymes: 3ß hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17ß HSD activity of ovary and adrenal gland were studied. A persistent diestrous phase and a significant decrease in body weight were found in chronic hypoxia groups. Histological study suggested degenerative changes in ovarian corpus luteum of 7 days chronic hypobaric hypoxia (7CHH) group and a declined percentage of adrenocortical cells in 3 days chronic hypobaric hypoxia (3CHH) and 7CHH groups. Plasma estradiol level was unaltered, but progesterone level was decreased significantly in all hypoxic groups. Ovarian 3ß HSD activity was decreased significantly with increasing days of hypoxic treatment along with a significantly low adrenal 3ß HSD activity in 7CHH. In conclusion, hypobaric hypoxia causes a state of low circulatory progesterone level in females likely due to the degenerative changes in the female ovarian and adrenal tissues together with low steroidogenic 3ß HSD enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Shaw
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Utkarsha Kumar
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Gopinath Bhaumik
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - M Prasanna Kumar Reddy
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Dishari Ghosh
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.
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9
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Seligowski AV, Hurly J, Mellen E, Ressler KJ, Ramikie TS. Translational studies of estradiol and progesterone in fear and PTSD. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2020; 11:1723857. [PMID: 32158516 PMCID: PMC7048196 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2020.1723857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational models of fear have greatly informed our understanding of PTSD and its underlying fear circuitry. One of the most replicated findings in the field is the two-fold higher PTSD incidence in females compared to males. While sociocultural factors play a role, the most robust biological influencers to date are gonadal hormones, such as estradiol and progesterone, which fluctuate across the menstrual cycle. Among studies that account for these hormones, most do so in isolation or collect both and only report one. Variation in study findings suggests that the ratio between these two hormones (the P/E ratio) may be an important and missing variable to further understand gonadal hormone influences on fear. Here we review cross-species examinations of fear and PTSD, within the contexts of estradiol and progesterone as well as P/E ratios that were calculated based on extant literature. We then provide recommendations for best practices in assay methods and reporting to improve research on the P/E ratio in fear and PTSD. Ultimately, greater understanding of this important variable will advance efforts to characterize gonadal hormone influences on fear learning processes in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia V Seligowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Jordyn Hurly
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.,Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Teniel S Ramikie
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
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10
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Arisha AH, Ahmed MM, Kamel MA, Attia YA, Hussein MMA. Morin ameliorates the testicular apoptosis, oxidative stress, and impact on blood-testis barrier induced by photo-extracellularly synthesized silver nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:28749-28762. [PMID: 31376127 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely produced for different industrial purposes. Recently, biogenic synthesis of AgNPs has emerged although the extent of effects from exposure, oral exposure in particular, to nanomaterials synthesized in such a manner remains elusive. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral administration of a dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight AgNPs biosynthesized in baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) over a period of eight weeks on the reproductive performance and the possibility of a protective effect through co-administration of morin. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in four experimental groups (control, morin-treated group, AgNP-treated, and AgNP + morin co-treatment). AgNPs produced no significant alteration in daily food intake or body weight. Both the absolute and relative testicular weights were significantly reduced but not the epididymal weight. Also, serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, and liver enzymes were significantly elevated. Furthermore, AgNPs significantly downregulated the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This corresponds to lower motility and viability percent, reduced sperm concentration, and a higher abnormality ratio as well as a prominent alteration in the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and testicular histology and induction of testicular apoptosis and oxidative stress. The supplementation of morin evidently restored most of the reproductive characters to its physiological range. We can conclude that exposure to the biologically synthesized AgNPs for an extended period of time has proven to be a health risk that can be ameliorated via oral administration of some bioactive agents including morin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mona M Ahmed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Attia
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M A Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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11
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Rivera Del Alamo MM, Reilas T, Galvão A, Yeste M, Katila T. Cyclooxygenase-2 is inhibited in prolonged luteal maintenance induced by intrauterine devices in mares. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 199:93-103. [PMID: 30455096 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with intrauterine devices (IUD) prolongs luteal phases in mares, but the mechanism for this has not been fully elucidated. The aims of the present study were to examine how IUDs affect the uterus to induce longer luteal phases, particularly the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the maintenance of the corpus luteum (CL). Twenty-seven reproductively normal mares were included: 12 were inseminated (AI), and 15 were fitted with IUDs. Blood samples for progesterone were obtained on Days 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, and 15 (relative to day of ovulation). The groups were further divided into non-pregnant (AI-N, n = 4), pregnant (AI-P, n = 8), normal (IUD-N, n = 8) and prolonged luteal phase (IUD-P, n = 7) based on ultrasonic examinations and serum progesterone concentrations on Days 14 and 15. Blood sampling to quantify the PGF2α metabolite (PGFM) was performed through a catheter hourly from 15:00 to 20:00 h on Day 14, and from 6:00 until 13:00 h on Day 15. On Day 15, a low-volume uterine lavage followed by an endometrial biopsy was performed. Estradiol concentration in the Day 15 serum and lavage fluid was determined, while the abundance of COX-2 was evaluated in the biopsy specimens using western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). All pregnant mares were negative for COX-2 in IHC samples and 5 of 8 were negative in WB samples while all mares of the IUD-N group were positive for COX-2. Of the seven mares in the IUD-P group, five and four were negative for COX-2 with the IHC and WB samples, respectively. The results from this study indicate that IUDs, when effective, suppress COX-2, leading to the inhibition of PGF2α release and maintenance of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Montserrat Rivera Del Alamo
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 01893, Spain.
| | - Tiina Reilas
- Animal Production Research, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Opistontie 10 A 1, 32100 Ypäjä, Finland.
| | - António Galvão
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Marc Yeste
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, 17071 Spain.
| | - Terttu Katila
- Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Helsinki University, Paroninkuja 20, 04920 Saarentaus, Finland.
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12
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Fejes-Szabó A, Spekker E, Tar L, Nagy-Grócz G, Bohár Z, Laborc KF, Vécsei L, Párdutz Á. Chronic 17β-estradiol pretreatment has pronociceptive effect on behavioral and morphological changes induced by orofacial formalin in ovariectomized rats. J Pain Res 2018; 11:2011-2021. [PMID: 30310305 PMCID: PMC6165783 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s165969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of craniofacial pain disorders show sexual dimorphism with generally more common appearance in women suggesting the influence of estradiol, but the exact cause remains unknown. The common point in the pathogenesis of these disorders is the activation of trigeminal system. One of the animal experimental models of trigeminal activation is the orofacial formalin test, in which we investigated the effect of chronic 17β-estradiol pretreatment on the trigeminal pain-related behavior and activation of trigeminal second-order neurons at the level of spinal trigeminal nucleus pars caudalis (TNC). Methods Female Sprague Dawley rats were ovariectomized and silicone capsules were implanted subcutaneously containing cholesterol in the OVX group and 17β-estradiol and cholesterol in 1:1 ratio in the OVX+E2 group. We determined 17β-estradiol levels in serum after the implantation of capsules. Three weeks after operation, 50 µL of physiological saline or 1.5% of formalin solution was injected subcutaneously into the right whisker pad of rats. The time spent on rubbing directed to the injected area and c-Fos immunoreactivity in TNC was measured as the formalin-induced pain-related behavior, and as the marker of pain-related neuronal activation, respectively. Results The chronic 17β-estradiol pretreatment mimics the plasma levels of estrogen occurring in the proestrus phase and significantly increased the formalin-induced pain-related behavior and neuronal activation in TNC. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the chronic 17β-estradiol treatment has strong pronociceptive effect on orofacial formalin-induced inflammatory pain suggesting modulatory action of estradiol on head pain through estrogen receptors, which are present in the trigeminal system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonóra Spekker
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,
| | - Lilla Tar
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gábor Nagy-Grócz
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Szeged, Hungary, .,Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bohár
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Szeged, Hungary, .,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,
| | - Klaudia Flóra Laborc
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, .,Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - László Vécsei
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Szeged, Hungary, .,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,
| | - Árpád Párdutz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,
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13
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Dostalova P, Zatecka E, Dvorakova-Hortova K. Of Oestrogens and Sperm: A Review of the Roles of Oestrogens and Oestrogen Receptors in Male Reproduction. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050904. [PMID: 28441342 PMCID: PMC5454817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The crucial role that oestrogens play in male reproduction has been generally accepted; however, the exact mechanism of their action is not entirely clear and there is still much more to be clarified. The oestrogen response is mediated through oestrogen receptors, as well as classical oestrogen receptors’ variants, and their specific co-expression plays a critical role. The importance of oestrogen signalling in male fertility is indicated by the adverse effects of selected oestrogen-like compounds, and their interaction with oestrogen receptors was proven to cause pathologies. The aims of this review are to summarise the current knowledge on oestrogen signalling during spermatogenesis and sperm maturation and discuss the available information on oestrogen receptors and their splice variants. An overview is given of species-specific differences including in humans, along with a detailed summary of the methodology outcome, including all the genetically manipulated models available to date. This review provides coherent information on the recently discovered mechanisms of oestrogens’ and oestrogen receptors’ effects and action in both testicular somatic and germ cells, as well as in mature sperm, available for mammals, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Dostalova
- Group of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v.v.i., BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Zatecka
- Group of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v.v.i., BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova
- Group of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v.v.i., BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic.
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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14
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Jesse FFA, Ibrahim HH, Abba Y, Chung ELT, Marza AD, Mazlan M, Zamri-Saad M, Omar AR, Zakaria MZAB, Saharee AA, Haron AW, Lila MAM. Reproductive hormonal variations and adenohypophyseal lesions in pre-pubertal buffalo heifers inoculated with Pasteurella multocida type B: 2 and its immunogens. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:88. [PMID: 28381248 PMCID: PMC5382481 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic septicemia is a fatal disease of cattle and buffaloes caused by P. multocida. Although the pathogenesis of the bacteria has been well established in literature, there is a paucity of information on the possible role of the bacteria and its immunogens; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer membrane proteins (OMPs) on the reproductive capacity of buffalo heifers. METHODS In this study, twenty one healthy prepubertal female buffaloes aged 8 months were divided into seven groups of 3 buffaloes each (G1-G7). Group 1 (G1) served as the negative control group and were inoculated orally with 10 mL sterile Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS), groups 2 (G2) and 3 (G3) were inoculated orally and subcutaneously with 10 mL of 1012 colony forming unit (cfu) of P.multocida type B: 2, while groups 4 (G4) and 5 (G5) received 10 mL of bacterial LPS orally and intravenously, respectively. Lastly, groups 6 (G6) and 7 (G7) were orally and subcutaneously inoculated with 10 mL of bacterial OMPs. Whole blood was collected in EDTA vials at stipulated time points (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 120, 168, 216, 264, 312, 360, 408, 456 and 504 h), while tissue sections of the pituitary glands were collected and transported to the histopathology laboratory in 10% buffered formalin for processing and Hematoxylin and eosin staining. Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (PG), estradiol (EST) and gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) were determined. RESULTS The histopathological lesions observed in the pituitary gland included hemorrhage, congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, hydropic degeneration, necrosis and edema. These changes were higher (p < 0.05) in distribution and severity in G3, G6 and G7. Hormonal concentrations of LH, FSH, PG, EST and GnRH declined in all inoculation groups as time elapsed and were lower (p < 0.05) than that of the control group. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, P.multocida B: 2 and its immunogens can be said to negatively affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in decreased levels of reproductive hormones which may predispose to infertility in buffalo heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia. .,Research Centre for Ruminant Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Hayder Hamzah Ibrahim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.,BabilTechnical Institute, Al Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Hillah, Iraq
| | - Yusuf Abba
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Eric Lim Teik Chung
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ali Dhiaa Marza
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qassim, Buraidah, Iraq
| | - Mazlina Mazlan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zamri-Saad
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Abdul Aziz Saharee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abd Wahid Haron
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
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15
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Zhang ZL, Qin P, Liu Y, Zhang LX, Guo H, Deng YL, Yizhao-Liu, Hou YS, Wang LY, Miao Y, Ma YL, Hou WG. Alleviation of ischaemia-reperfusion injury by endogenous estrogen involves maintaining Bcl-2 expression via the ERα signalling pathway. Brain Res 2017; 1661:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Campigotto G, Volpato A, Galli GM, Glombowsky P, Baldissera MD, Miletti LC, Jaguezeski AM, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS. Vertical transmission of Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally infected rats. Exp Parasitol 2017; 174:42-44. [PMID: 28161404 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many reproductive problems has been described in male and female animals infected by Trypanosoma evansi. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of vertical (Experiment I) and venereal (Experiment II) transmission of T. evansi in rats experimentally infected. In the experiment I, eight female Wistar rats were used: three animals as negative controls, and five rats were infected by T. evansi on day ten of gestation. Out of these eight females, half puppies were used for molecular analysis (polymerase chain reaction - PCR) for T. evansi. Two infected females showed delivery problems, such as stillbirth, and fetal death that also led to female death. Three female rats infected had normal delivery of stunted offspring at term that died 2 days after birth. Rats from the control group had normal delivery of healthy offspring. T. evansi PCR was positive for 80% (12/15) of pups in the infected group. For the experiment II, five male rats were infected by T. evansi, and monitored by blood smears to check the parasitemia level. When the male rats showed parasitemia between 2 and 5 parasites per field, they were individually housed with one female adult rat. After approximately 21 days, the females delivered their offspring. Blood sample was collected from the females for blood smears and T. evansi PCR tests, which revealed negative results. Therefore, we were able to prove the occurrence of transplacental transmission of T. evansi and its negative effect on female rats and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Campigotto
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Andréia Volpato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Galli
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Glombowsky
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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17
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Müller DR, Soukup ST, Kurrat A, Liu X, Schmicke M, Xie MY, Kulling SE, Diel P. Neonatal isoflavone exposure interferes with the reproductive system of female Wistar rats. Toxicol Lett 2016; 262:39-48. [PMID: 27506417 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing concern about possible adverse effects of soy based infant formulas (SBIF) due to their high amount of isoflavones (ISO). The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of neonatal exposure to ISO on reproductive system of female Wistar rats. Animals were exposed to an ISO depleted diet or a diet enriched with an ISO extract (IRD; 508mg ISO/kg) during embryogenesis and adolescence. Pups of each group were fed daily by pipette with ISO-suspension (ISO+; 32mg ISO/kg bw) or placebo from postnatal day (PND) 1 until PND23 resulting in plasma concentrations similar to levels reported in infants fed SBIF. The visceral fat mass was reduced by long-term IRD. Vaginal epithelial height was increased at PND23 and vaginal opening was precocious in ISO+ groups. Later in life, more often irregular estrus cycles were observed in rats of ISO+ groups. In addition, FSH levels and uterine epithelial heights were increased at PND80 in ISO+ groups. In summary, the results indicate that neonatal ISO intake, resulting in plasma concentrations achievable through SBIF, has an estrogenic effect on prepubertal rats and influences female reproductive tract later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis R Müller
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian T Soukup
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany, Germany
| | - Anne Kurrat
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, China
| | - Marion Schmicke
- Clinic for Cattle, Endocrinology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, China
| | - Sabine E Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.
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18
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Matos JF, Americo MF, Sinzato YK, Volpato GT, Corá LA, Calabresi MFF, Oliveira RB, Damasceno DC, Miranda JRA. Role of sex hormones in gastrointestinal motility in pregnant and non-pregnant rats. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:5761-5768. [PMID: 27433089 PMCID: PMC4932211 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i25.5761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To correlate gastric contractility, gastrointestinal transit, and hormone levels in non-pregnant (estrous cycle) and pregnant rats using noninvasive techniques.
METHODS: Female rats (n = 23) were randomly divided into (1) non-pregnant, (contractility, n = 6; transit, n = 6); and (2) pregnant (contractility, n = 5; transit, n = 6). In each estrous cycle phase or at 0, 7, 14, and 20 d after the confirmation of pregnancy, gastrointestinal transit was recorded by AC biosusceptometry (ACB), and gastric contractility was recorded by ACB and electromyography. After each recording, blood samples were obtained for progesterone and estradiol determination.
RESULTS: In the estrous cycle, despite fluctuations of sex hormone levels, no significant changes in gastrointestinal motility were observed. Days 7 and 14 of pregnancy were characterized by significant changes in the frequency of contractions (3.90 ± 0.42 cpm and 3.60 ± 0.36 cpm vs 4.33 ± 0.25 cpm) and gastric emptying (168 ± 17 min and 165 ± 15 min vs 113 ± 15 min) compared with day 0. On these same days, progesterone levels significantly increased compared with control (54.23 ± 15.14 ng/mL and 129.96 ± 30.52 ng/mL vs 13.25 ± 6.31 ng/mL). On day 14, we observed the highest level of progesterone and the lowest level of estradiol compared with day 0 (44.3 ± 15.18 pg/mL vs 24.96 ± 5.96 pg/mL).
CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal motility was unaffected by the estrous cycle. In our data, high progesterone and low estradiol levels can be associated with decreased contraction frequency and slow gastric emptying.
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19
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Simvastatin decreases steroid production in the H295R cell line and decreases steroids and FSH in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 58:174-83. [PMID: 26476359 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine modulating effects of Simvastatin (SV) and its metabolite, Simvastatin β-hydroxy acid (SVA), were investigated in H295R cells and in female Sprague-Dawley (SPRD) rats. H295R cells were exposed to SV and SVA concentrations from 0 to 10μM for 48h. Four groups of SPRD rats received 0 (CT), 1.3 (L), 5.0 (M), and 20.0 (H)mg SV/kg bw/day for 14 days. 10 Steroids were investigated in H295R growth media, and in tissues and plasma from rats using GC-MS/MS. Plasma LH and FSH were quantified by ELISA. In the H295R assay, SV and SVA particularly decreased progestagens with IC50-values from 0.10-0.13μM for SV and from 0.019-0.055μM for SVA. In rats, SV decreased progestagens in ovaries, brain and plasma, and plasma FSH in the M (72.4% decrease) and H group (76.6% decrease). Because progestagens and gonadotropins are major players in fertility, administration of SV might exert negative effects on female reproduction.
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20
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Campigotto G, Da Silva AS, Volpato A, Balzan A, Radavelli WM, Soldá NM, Grosskopf HM, Stefani LM, Bianchi AE, Monteiro SG, Tonin AA, Weiss PHE, Miletti LC, Lopes STA. Experimental infection by Trypanosoma evansi in sheep: Occurrence of transplacental transmission and mice infection by parasite present in the colostrum and milk of infected ewes. Vet Parasitol 2015. [PMID: 26223153 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to evaluate vertical transmission of Trypanosoma evansi in sheep experimentally infected, in addition to the mammary transmission by colostrum or milk of these infected sheep to mice. Three pregnant sheep were used: one uninfected, four months pregnant (Sheep A); and two (Sheep B and C) infected intravenously by T. evansi trypomastigotes (4.6×10(6) per animal) on the third (Sheep C) and fourth (Sheep B) month of pregnancy. Both infected sheep developed low and oscillating parasitemia measured by blood smears. Hemogram was performed at seven day intervals, showing anemia, leukocytosis, and lymphocytosis on sheep B and C. Three sheep had twins, where sheep A delivered healthy lambs and both infected sheep had delivered at least one stillborn. Additionally, lambs from sheep B and C died 24 and 72 h post-partum, respectively. Before colostrum intake, four lambs from infected sheep were positives for T. evansi according to blood smear evaluation, serology (CATT/T. evansi), and PCR. Sheep colostrum and milk samples collected from the first four days post-partum were positives for T. evansi on PCR, and these samples were able to infect seven mice (out of 10) orally (n=4/5) and intraperitoneally (n=3/5). Therefore, we conclude that the vertical transmission of T. evansi occurs in pregnant sheep, in addition to a strong possibility of the transmission by colostrum and milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Campigotto
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Andreia Volpato
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Balzan
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Willian M Radavelli
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Natan M Soldá
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Hyolanda M Grosskopf
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Anderson E Bianchi
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A Tonin
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz C Miletti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, UDESC, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Sonia T A Lopes
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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21
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Fournier S, Gulemetova R, Baldy C, Joseph V, Kinkead R. Neonatal stress affects the aging trajectory of female rats on the endocrine, temperature, and ventilatory responses to hypoxia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2015; 308:R659-67. [PMID: 25652536 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00418.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human and animal studies on sleep-disordered breathing and respiratory regulation show that the effects of sex hormones are heterogeneous. Because neonatal stress results in sex-specific disruption of the respiratory control in adult rats, we postulate that it might affect respiratory control modulation induced by ovarian steroids in female rats. The hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) of adult female rats exposed to neonatal maternal separation (NMS) is ∼30% smaller than controls (24), but consequences of NMS on respiratory control in aging female rats are unknown. To address this issue, whole body plethysmography was used to evaluate the impact of NMS on the HVR (12% O2, 20 min) of middle-aged (MA; ∼57 wk old) female rats. Pups subjected to NMS were placed in an incubator 3 h/day for 10 consecutive days (P3 to P12). Controls were undisturbed. To determine whether the effects were related to sexual hormone decline or aging per se, experiments were repeated on bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) young (∼12 wk old) adult female rats. OVX and MA both reduced the HVR significantly in control rats but had little effect on the HVR of NMS females. OVX (but not aging) reduced the anapyrexic response in both control and NMS animals. These results show that hormonal decline decreases the HVR of control animals, while leaving that of NMS female animals unaffected. This suggests that neonatal stress alters the interaction between sex hormone regulation and the development of body temperature, hormonal, and ventilatory responses to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Fournier
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roumiana Gulemetova
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cécile Baldy
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Joseph
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard Kinkead
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Faccio L, Silva ASD, Tonin AA, Oberherr L, Gressler LT, Oliveira CB, Oliveira DT, Sangoi MB, Moresco RN, Samara YN, Veiga M, Duarte MMMF, Monteiro SG. Relationship between testicular lesion and hormone levels in male rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2015; 86:1537-46. [PMID: 25211118 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201420130167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between testicular lesions and hormone levels in rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. For that, the measurement of reproductive hormones, histopathology and biomarkers of cellular injury were carried out in twenty-four animals, which were divided into two groups with 12 animals each. Group A was the negative control, or uninfected, while group B was composed by animals infected with T. evansi. Both groups were divided again into two other subgroups (n=6), from which serum and testicular fragments were collected on days 5 (A1 and B1) and 15 (A2 and B2) post-infection (PI). The morphological analysis showed increased alterations of head and tail of sperm in infected rats when compared with those of the control group. A significant reduction (P<0.01) in the levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and estradiol, associated with an increase in cortisol, was observed in serum of group B when compared with negative control. Additionally, NOx, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were enhanced in testicles, indicating the occurrence of cellular lesion. On histopathology, it was possible to observe testicular degeneration, among other disorders in infected animals. Therefore, based on these results, it is possible to conclude that the experimental infection with T. evansi caused changes in the levels of the main hormones of male rats associated with cellular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Faccio
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brasil
| | - Alexandre A Tonin
- Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Hospital Veterinário, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Lucas T Gressler
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Camila B Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Dionatan T Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Manuela B Sangoi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Rafael N Moresco
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Yasmin N Samara
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Veiga
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Marta M M F Duarte
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Campus Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
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23
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Nickel nanoparticles exposure and reproductive toxicity in healthy adult rats. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21253-69. [PMID: 25407529 PMCID: PMC4264223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151121253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nickel is associated with reproductive toxicity. However, the reproductive toxicity of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) is unclear. Our goal was to determine the association between nickel nanoparticle exposure and reproductive toxicity. According to the one-generation reproductive toxicity standard, rats were exposed to nickel nanoparticles by gavage and we selected indicators including sex hormone levels, sperm motility, histopathology, and reproductive outcome etc. Experimental results showed nickel nanoparticles increased follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and lowered etradiol (E2) serum levels at a dose of 15 and 45 mg/kg in female rats. Ovarian lymphocytosis, vascular dilatation and congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, and increase in apoptotic cells were found in ovary tissues in exposure groups. For male rats, the weights decreased gradually, the ratio of epididymis weight over body weight increased, the motility of rat sperm changed, and the levels of FSH and testosterone (T) diminished. Pathological results showed the shedding of epithelial cells of raw seminiferous tubule, disordered arrangement of cells in the tube, and the appearance of cell apoptosis and death in the exposure group. At the same time, Ni NPs resulted in a change of the reproductive index and the offspring development of rats. Further research is needed to elucidate exposure to human populations and mechanism of actions.
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