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Waja M, Fitchett JM. Exploring perceived relationships between weather, climate and mental health: biometeorological perspectives of healthcare practitioners. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00484-024-02791-6. [PMID: 39382651 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been an increase in research examining the influence of weather and climate in mental health caseloads. Variations in temperature, sunshine hours, cloud cover, precipitation and extreme weather events have been statistically linked to diagnoses and increases in hospital admissions for several mental health conditions. This study aimed to explore whether mental health practitioners perceive there to be a link between mental health and daily, seasonal, or inter-annual shifts in various climate variables in South Africa, and the timing and causal mechanisms thereof. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 practicing healthcare practitioners, and the data was analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of this research show that all 50 participants were aware of the link between weather, climate and mental health, primarily through their awareness of seasonal affective disorder. Of the 50 participants, 38 participants could explain the aetiology of seasonal affective disorder. Participants perceived sunlight and temperature to exert an influence on mental health. All 50 participants perceived exposure to sunlight to exert a positive influence on several mental health conditions. Of the 50 participants, 36 participants perceived increases in temperature to exert an adverse effect on mental health symptomology. A minority of 11 participants perceived precipitation to influence mental health conditions such as seasonal affective disorder, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse disorder. Participants' perceptions of the influence of precipitation on mental health provided a unique potential explanation of this relationship, which, at the time of writing, has not been discussed in formal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtaar Waja
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jennifer M Fitchett
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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2
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Herbuela VRDM, Karita T, Toya A, Furukawa Y, Senba S, Onishi E, Saeki T. Multilevel and general linear modeling of weather and time effects on the emotional and behavioral states of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1235582. [PMID: 38250279 PMCID: PMC10797094 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1235582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Eliciting the emotional and behavioral states of children with severe or profound intellectual disabilities (IDs) and profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) due to their complex and atypical developmental trajectories has become increasingly elusive. It is evident that the environment, influenced by weather conditions and time of the day, plays a pivotal role in molding children's behaviors, emotions, and interactions. This underscores the significance of the environment as a critical factor in exploring the communication dynamics of children with PIMD/IDs. Methods Over five months during fall and winter seasons, we conducted 105 video-recorded sessions with 20 children aged 8 to 16 with PIMD/IDs. These sessions aimed to capture the emotional and behavioral states interpreted by caregivers while simultaneously collecting indoor and outdoor weather indices, location, and time data. Using cross-classified multilevel and general linear models adjusted for individual characteristics and location variability with subsequent simple slope analyses, we examined the main and seasonal interaction effects of indoor and outdoor weather indices and time of the day on the emotional and behavioral states of children with PIMD/IDs. Results The models revealed that higher atmospheric pressure (atm), indicative of pleasant and favorable weather conditions, was associated with increased engagement (indoor: p < 0.01; outdoor: p < 0.01) and interest (outdoor: p < 0.01) behaviors. In contrast, engagement levels decreased before lunchtime (p < 0.01; p < 0.001), and inclement or unstable weather conditions characterized by low-pressure systems (p < 0.05) and stronger wind speed (p < 0.05) led to more refusal or disagreement. During winter, children displayed significantly more agreement with their caregivers (p < 0.001). Interestingly, they also engaged more on cloudy days (p < 0.05). Furthermore, simple slope analyses revealed that high atm conditions in fall were linked to more engagement (p < 0.05) while humid conditions predicted more assent behaviors (p < 0.001). However, cloudy weather predicted less attentional focusing (p < 0.05) and interest (p < 0.01) behaviors in winter. Conclusion This study confirms that fluctuations in weather indices, including seasonal changes and time of the day, can provide potential pathway indicators and supplement behavioral observations to elicit the behavioral states of children with PIMD/IDs. These findings highlight the importance of considering these factors when designing meaningful interactions and communication interventions for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomonori Karita
- Center for Inclusive Education, Faculty of Education, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toya
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
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Motlogeloa O, Fitchett JM. Climate and human health: a review of publication trends in the International Journal of Biometeorology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023:10.1007/s00484-023-02466-8. [PMID: 37129619 PMCID: PMC10153057 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The climate-health nexus is well documented in the field of biometeorology. Since its inception, Biometeorology has in many ways become the umbrella under which much of this collaborative research has been conducted. Whilst a range of review papers have considered the development of biometeorological research and its coverage in this journal, and a few have reviewed the literature on specific diseases, none have focused on the sub-field of climate and health as a whole. Since its first issue in 1957, the International Journal of Biometeorology has published a total of 2183 papers that broadly consider human health and its relationship with climate. In this review, we identify a total of 180 (8.3%, n = 2183) of these papers that specifically focus on the intersection between meteorological variables and specific, named diagnosable diseases, and explore the publication trends thereof. The number of publications on climate and health in the journal increases considerably since 2011. The largest number of publications on the topic was in 2017 (18) followed by 2021 (17). Of the 180 studies conducted, respiratory diseases accounted for 37.2% of the publications, cardiovascular disease 17%, and cerebrovascular disease 11.1%. The literature on climate and health in the journal is dominated by studies from the global North, with a particular focus on Asia and Europe. Only 2.2% and 8.3% of these studies explore empirical evidence from the African continent and South America respectively. These findings highlight the importance of continued research on climate and human health, especially in low- and lower-middle-income countries, the populations of which are more vulnerable to climate-sensitive illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogone Motlogeloa
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jennifer M Fitchett
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Vencloviene J, Beresnevaite M, Cerkauskaite S, Lopatiene K, Grizas V, Benetis R. The effects of weather on depressive symptoms in patients after cardiac surgery. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:682-692. [PMID: 36203385 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2132411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Patients with cardiovascular disease have depression more often than the general population does. The aim of the study was to detect the associations between the psychological state and weather variables in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery. The prospective study was performed during 2008-2012 in Kaunas, Lithuania. The psychological state of 233 patients was assessed by using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised instrument. The assessment was carried out at 1.5 months, 1 year, and 2 years after the surgery. A sample of 531 measurements of psychological states was used. To investigate the relationships between psychological scores and daily weather variables, a mixed linear model was used adjusting for sex, the type of surgery, age, the marital status, the presence of arterial hypertension, diabetes, major depressive disorders, dysthymic disorders, agoraphobia, smoking before surgery, and myocardial infarction in the anamnesis. The mean somatisation score and air temperature on the second day prior to the survey were found to have a negative correlation in the multivariate model. Lower mean scores of anxiety and depression were linked to hotter days (air temperature >16.25°C on the second day) that did not occur in July or August. During colder days (air temperature <0.35°C), a higher mean score of anxiety and phobic anxiety was observed. A higher mean score of somatizations, depression, and anxiety was seen on the second day after the day with wind speed ≤2.85 kt and on the day after the day with relative humidity <66%. Both a decrease and an increase in daily atmospheric pressure were associated with a higher depression score. Our results confirm that among patients after open heart surgery, psychosomatic complaints are related to some weather changes. The obtained results can help to determine the complexity of weather patterns linked to poorer psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Vencloviene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Sonata Cerkauskaite
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Lopatiene
- Department of Orthodontics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Grizas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Benetis
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Clinic of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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5
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Lee S, Salvador C, Tuel A, Vicedo-Cabrera AM. Exploring the association between precipitation and hospital admission for mental disorders in Switzerland between 2009 and 2019. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283200. [PMID: 37093854 PMCID: PMC10124868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While several studies proved the relationship between increasing temperatures and poor mental health, limited evidence exists on the effect of other weather factors, such as precipitation. This study assessed the impact of precipitation on hospital admissions for mental disorders in Switzerland between 2009-2019. We defined different precipitation events based on the duration (daily precipitation ≥1mm for 2, 3, or 4 days; PP.2/PP.3/PP.4) and intensity (≥90th percentile for 2 consecutive days; PEP90.2). First, we conducted aggregated time-stratified case-crossover analysis in eight main Swiss cities with distributed lag models to assess the association up to 3 days after the exposure. Then, we pooled the estimates in each city using a multivariate random effects meta-analysis for all hospital admissions and by subgroups (sex, age, diagnosis). Evidence of an association between precipitation and hospital admission for mental disorders was not found in Switzerland (PP.2: 1.003[0.978-1.029]; PP.3: 1.005[0.985-1.026]; PP.4: 0.994[0.960-1.030]; PEP90.2: 1.000[0.953-1.050]). Although the results were highly uncertain, we found an indication of increasing risks of hospital admission with increasing intensity of precipitation in warmer seasons (PP.2: 1.001[0.971-1.032] vs PEP90.2: 1.014[0.955-1.078]), while the risks of hospital admission slightly increased by the duration in colder season (PP.2: 1.009[0.981-1.039]; PP.3: 1.008[0.980-1.036]; PP.4: 1.017[0.956-1.081]). Overall, risks tend to be higher in people aged < 65 years. Duration of the events may influence more than intensity in females, while opposite patterns were observed in males. Risks tended to be larger but still uncertain for schizophrenia, mood disorders, and adult personality disorders. An indication of a negative association was found in neurotic disorders and null risks in the remaining groups. Although our findings did not show a clear association between precipitation and mental disorders, further research is required to clarify the role of precipitation and the potential implications of climate change and extreme precipitation events on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Lee
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Coral Salvador
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Environmental Physics Laboratory (EPhysLab), Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Alexandre Tuel
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Relationship between Depressive Symptoms and Weather Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095069. [PMID: 35564464 PMCID: PMC9101342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Background: Weather is a well-known factor worldwide in psychiatric problems such as depression, with the elderly and females being particularly susceptible. The aim of this study was to detect associations between the risk of depressive symptoms (DS) and weather variables. Methods: 6937 participants were assessed in the baseline survey of the Health Alcohol Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study during 2006−2008. To assess the risk of DS, a multivariate logistic model was created with predictors such as socio-demographic factors, health behaviors, and weather variables. Results: DS were found in 23.4% of the respondents, in 15.6% of males and in 29.9% in females. A higher risk of DS (by 25%) was associated with November−December, a rising wind speed, and relative humidity (RH) < 94% and snowfall during the cold period occurring 2 days before the survey. A higher air temperature (>14.2 °C) predominant during May−September had a protective impact. A higher risk of DS in males was associated with lower atmospheric pressure (<1009 hPa) 2 days before. Females were more sensitive to the monthly variation, snowfall, and RH. Conclusions: The findings of our study suggest that some levels of weather variables have a statistically significant effect on DS.
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Jiang X, Yuan Y, Li Z, Ou Y, Li Z. First-episode olfactory hallucination in a patient with anxiety disorder: A case report. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:990341. [PMID: 36203838 PMCID: PMC9530368 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.990341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory hallucination refers to olfactory perception in the absence of chemical stimuli. Although it has been associated with many neurological and psychotic disorders, it has rarely been reported as the first and only symptom in patients with anxiety disorder, and its treatment remains inadequate. CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old woman who had been experiencing gradually worsening olfactory hallucinations for almost 4 years was diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. Olfactory hallucination disappeared after treatment with anti-anxiety drugs. CONCLUSION Olfactory hallucination can be the first and only symptom in patients with anxiety disorder and may be effectively treated with anti-anxiety medication. In fact, it can precede the diagnosis of anxiety disorder by several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Jiang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Yuan
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhixiong Li
- The Third Department of Clinical Psychology, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, China
| | - Ying Ou
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
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Fischer S, Haas F, Strahler J. A Systematic Review of Thermosensation and Thermoregulation in Anxiety Disorders. Front Physiol 2021; 12:784943. [PMID: 34938204 PMCID: PMC8685525 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.784943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Sweating, hot flushes, and blushing are symptoms frequently reported by individuals with anxiety disorders. They represent important reinforcers of anxiogenic cognitions and behaviours. One system that may be involved in the manifestation of these symptoms is the thermosensory/thermoregulatory system. The aim of the present study was to investigate to what extent individuals with anxiety disorders are characterised by alterations in this system. Methods: PubMed and PsycINFO were systematically searched. Studies were eligible if they (i) assessed individuals with anxiety disorders, (ii) thermosensation or thermoregulatory effectors/outcomes, and (iii) used a case-control design. Results:N = 86 studies were identified. There was no evidence of altered thermosensation in individuals with anxiety disorders. Regarding thermoregulatory effectors, individuals with social anxiety disorder exhibited altered cutaneous vasodilation upon pharmacological challenge; individuals with specific phobia showed increased sweating upon confrontation with phobic stimuli; individuals with panic disorder showed increased daily sweating as well as increased sweating in response to non-phobic and phobic stimuli. Regarding thermoregulatory outcomes, there was evidence for altered skin temperature in all subtypes of anxiety. Conclusion: Whereas there was no evidence of altered thermoregulation in specific phobia, a subgroup of individuals with social anxiety and panic disorder appears to exhibit altered vasodilation and sweating, respectively. Longitudinal research is warranted to investigate whether this represents a vulnerability to anxiety/panic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Fischer
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florence Haas
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jana Strahler
- Sports Psychology, Institute of Sport and Sport Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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9
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Sforza Tarabochia A. The staff of madness: the visualization of insanity and the othering of the insane. HISTORY OF PSYCHIATRY 2021; 32:176-194. [PMID: 33557665 PMCID: PMC8172255 DOI: 10.1177/0957154x21989224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article I trace a history of the most ubiquitous visual symbol of madness: the staff. First, I argue that the staff, in its variants (such as the pinwheel) and with its attachments (such as an inflated bladder), represents madness as air. It thus represents madness as an invisible entity that must be made visible. Secondly, I claim that the staff - being iconic of other 'unwanted' categories such as vagabonds - represents the insane as outsiders. Also in this case, the staff serves the purpose of making madness visible. Through this interpretation I show that the urge to make madness visible outlives icons of insanity such as the staff, making it a constant presence in popular culture and medical practice.
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Lickiewicz J, Piotrowicz K, Hughes PP, Makara-Studzińska M. Weather and Aggressive Behavior among Patients in Psychiatric Hospitals-An Exploratory Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239121. [PMID: 33297298 PMCID: PMC7730982 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: The number of meteoropaths, or people negatively affected by weather conditions, is rising dramatically. Meteoropathy is developing rapidly due to ever poorer adaptations of people to changes in weather conditions. Strong weather stimuli may not only exacerbate symptoms in people with diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems but may also induce aggressive behavior. Researchers have shown that patients suffering from mental illnesses are most vulnerable to changes in the weather and postulate a connection between the seasons and aggressive behavior. Methods: The goal of the study was to analyze the relationship between coercive measures and weather factors. The researchers identified what meteorological conditions prevailed on days with an increased number of incidents of aggressive behavior leading to the use of physical coercion towards patients in a psychiatric hospital in Poland. In order to determine the impact of weather conditions on the frequency at which physical coercion measures were used, the hospital’s “coercion sheets” from 1 January 2015 to 31 March 2017 were analyzed. The data were correlated with meteorological data. In order to determine the relationship between the occurrence of specific weather conditions and the number of coercive interventions (N), researchers utilized Spearman’s rank correlation analysis together with two-dimensional scatter diagrams (dependency models), multiple regression, stepwise regression, frequencies, and conditional probability (%). Results: Lower barometric pressure and foehn wind increased aggressive behavior in patients that led to coercive measures. For temperature (positive correlation) and humidity (negative correlation), there was a poor but statistically significant correlation. Conclusions: Monitoring weather conditions might be useful in predicting and preventing aggression by patients who are susceptible to weather changes
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Lickiewicz
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-430-32-05
| | - Katarzyna Piotrowicz
- Department of Climatology, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Patricia Paulsen Hughes
- Department of Kinesiology, Applied Health and Recreation, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Marta Makara-Studzińska
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland;
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Oh S, Ha TH, Kim H, Lee H, Myung W. Emergency department visits for panic attacks and ambient temperature: A time-stratified case-crossover analysis. Depress Anxiety 2020; 37:1099-1107. [PMID: 32301576 DOI: 10.1002/da.23019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panic disorder is a common anxiety disorder affecting up to 5% of the population. Although its pathogenesis is unclear, evidence about its association with ambient temperature is limited. We aimed to investigate the association between short-term exposure to increased ambient temperature and exacerbation of panic attacks requiring emergency department visits. METHODS From the national emergency database of South Korea, we identified 1,926 patients who presented with panic attacks at the emergency department in Seoul from 2008 to 2014. Using a time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression analysis, we compared ambient temperature levels on emergency department visits and correspondingly matched-control days. RESULTS Increased ambient temperature levels were significantly associated with panic attacks. The risk of a panic attack increased by 2.2% (95% confidence interval, 0.7-3.8%) per every 1°C increase in temperature. This association was significant after adjusting for air pollutants. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide new evidence that short-term exposure to increased ambient temperature may increase the risk of exacerbation of panic attacks. These findings may provide a basis for further research to establish the association between panic attacks and ambient temperature, thus establishing preventive measures for panic attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehhyun Oh
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyon Ha
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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12
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Oniszczenko W. Affective Temperaments and Meteoropathy Among Women: A Cross-sectional Study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232725. [PMID: 32365079 PMCID: PMC7197850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of the study was to assess the relationship between affective temperaments and meteoropathy among women and examine meteorosensitivity as a mediator in this relationship. The issue of affective temperaments and meteoropathy has not been considered in the literature. The sample consisted of 450 Caucasian women gathered via the online recruitment platform. The participants’ ages ranged from 18 to 70 years (M = 30.01; SD = 9.10). The Polish version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire was used to assess affective temperaments (depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable and anxious). Meteorosensitivity and meteoropathy were assessed using the Polish adaptation of the METEO-Q questionnaire. A large positive correlation was found between meteorosensitivity and meteoropathy. Medium positive correlations were found between meteorosensitivity/meteoropathy and cyclothymic and anxious temperaments. Small positive correlations were revealed between depressive and irritable temperaments and both meteorosensitivity and meteoropathy scales. No correlation was found between hyperthymic temperament and meteorosensitivity/meteoropathy. Mediation analyses indicated cyclothymic and anxious temperaments affected meteoropathy both directly and indirectly through meteorosensitivity as a mediator. The most severe meteoropathy symptoms in the studied sample were asthenia, an indefinite feeling of malaise and irritability. The results suggest affective temperaments may be related to meteoropathy symptoms in women.
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13
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Kumar S, Chong I. Correlation Analysis to Identify the Effective Data in Machine Learning: Prediction of Depressive Disorder and Emotion States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122907. [PMID: 30572595 PMCID: PMC6313491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Correlation analysis is an extensively used technique that identifies interesting relationships in data. These relationships help us realize the relevance of attributes with respect to the target class to be predicted. This study has exploited correlation analysis and machine learning-based approaches to identify relevant attributes in the dataset which have a significant impact on classifying a patient’s mental health status. For mental health situations, correlation analysis has been performed in Weka, which involves a dataset of depressive disorder symptoms and situations based on weather conditions, as well as emotion classification based on physiological sensor readings. Pearson’s product moment correlation and other different classification algorithms have been utilized for this analysis. The results show interesting correlations in weather attributes for bipolar patients, as well as in features extracted from physiological data for emotional states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul 02450, Korea.
| | - Ilyoung Chong
- Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul 02450, Korea.
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14
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Brandl EJ, Lett TA, Bakanidze G, Heinz A, Bermpohl F, Schouler-Ocak M. Weather conditions influence the number of psychiatric emergency room patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2018; 62:843-850. [PMID: 29204686 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The specific impact of weather factors on psychiatric disorders has been investigated only in few studies with inconsistent results. We hypothesized that meteorological conditions influence the number of cases presenting in a psychiatric emergency room as a measure of mental health conditions. We analyzed the number of patients consulting the emergency room (ER) of a psychiatric hospital in Berlin, Germany, between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2014. A total of N = 22,672 cases were treated in the ER over the study period. Meteorological data were obtained from a publicly available data base. Due to collinearity among the meteorological variables, we performed a principal component (PC) analysis. Association of PCs with the daily number of patients was analyzed with autoregressive integrated moving average model. Delayed effects were investigated using Granger causal modeling. Daily number of patients in the ER was significantly higher in spring and summer compared to fall and winter (p < 0.001). Three PCs explained 76.8% percent of the variance with PC1 loading mostly on temperature, PC2 on cloudiness and low pressure, and PC3 on windiness. PC1 and PC2 showed strong association with number of patients in the emergency room (p < 0.010) indicating higher patient numbers on warmer and on cloudy days. Further, PC1, PC2, and PC3 predicted the number of patients presenting in the emergency room for up to 7 days (p < 0.050). A secondary analysis revealed that the effect of temperature on number of patients was mostly due to lower patient numbers on cold days. Although replication of our findings is required, our results suggest that weather influences the number of psychiatric patients consulting the emergency room. In particular, our data indicate lower patient numbers during very cold temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Janina Brandl
- Psychiatric University Hospital of Charité at St. Hedwig-Hospital, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tristram A Lett
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - George Bakanidze
- Psychiatric University Hospital of Charité at St. Hedwig-Hospital, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Psychiatric University Hospital of Charité at St. Hedwig-Hospital, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Bermpohl
- Psychiatric University Hospital of Charité at St. Hedwig-Hospital, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meryam Schouler-Ocak
- Psychiatric University Hospital of Charité at St. Hedwig-Hospital, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany
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Both anxiety and joint laxity determine the olfactory features in panic disorder. Psychiatry Res 2018; 262:420-426. [PMID: 28923431 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous research showed a high sensitivity in sensorial modalities in panic disorder (PD). This disorder has been consistently associated to the joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS). In non-clinical samples, this collagen alteration has been also related to an enhanced sensitivity in some sensorial modalities. The main aim of this study is to explore the olfactory functioning in PD in relation to JHS. Sixty patients with PD and sixty healthy controls performed the Sniffin' Sticks Test (SST) (threshold subtest), and completed the Affective Impact of Odors scale (AIO), the Relational Scale of Olfaction (EROL), and the Odor Awareness Scale (OAS). Clinical symptom rating scales and JHS assessment were also obtained. PD patients showed enhanced odor acuity, greater reactivity to smells and also increased odor awareness compared to the healthy controls. Within the patients group, those suffering from JHS displayed higher functioning in all olfactory domains compared to the non-JHS ones. The JHS and anxiety measures emerged as predictor variables of the olfactory function. The present findings highlight the importance of the olfactory function in PD and underline that both, JHS and anxiety, determine the olfactory characteristics in this disorder.
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Bunz M, Mücke HG. [Climate change - physical and mental consequences]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2018; 60:632-639. [PMID: 28447137 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-017-2548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Climate change has already had a large influence on the human environmental system and directly or indirectly affects physical and mental health. Triggered by extreme meteorological conditions, for example, storms, floods, earth slides and heat periods, the direct consequences range from illnesses to serious accidents with injuries, or in extreme cases fatalities. Indirectly, a changed environment due to climate change affects, amongst other things, the cardiovascular system and respiratory tract, and can also cause allergies and infectious diseases. In addition, increasing confrontation with environmental impacts may cause negative psychological effects such as posttraumatic stress disorders and anxiety, but also aggression, distress and depressive symptoms. The extent and severity of the health consequences depend on individual pre-disposition, resilience, behaviour and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxie Bunz
- Abteilung Umwelthygiene, Fachgebiet II 1.5: Umweltmedizin und gesundheitliche Bewertung, Umweltbundesamt, Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Hans-Guido Mücke
- Abteilung Umwelthygiene, Fachgebiet II 1.5: Umweltmedizin und gesundheitliche Bewertung, Umweltbundesamt, Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Deutschland
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17
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Human Thermal Conditions and North Europeans’ Web Searching Behavior (Google Trends) on Mediterranean Touristic Destinations. URBAN SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/urbansci1010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Burón E, Bulbena A, Bulbena-Cabré A. Olfactory functioning in panic disorder. J Affect Disord 2015; 175:292-8. [PMID: 25661394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The olfactory function in panic disorder (PD) has been scarcely approached in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to study this question by focusing on the olfactory sensitivity (i.e. detection threshold), the reactivity to odors, and the odor awareness in patients suffering from PD. METHODS 41 patients with PD and 41 healthy controls performed Sniffin׳ Sticks Test (threshold subtest) and completed the Affective Impact of Odors scale (AIO), the Relational Scale of Olfaction (EROL) and the Odor Awareness Scale (OAS). Clinical symptoms rating scales were concurrently obtained. RESULTS PD patients showed lower olfactory detection thresholds (i.e. higher sensitivity) along with an enhanced reactivity to odors as well as a greater olfactory awareness compared to the healthy controls. The severity of PD was significantly associated with the olfactory questionnaires ratings, but not with the detection ability. Olfactory measures were intercorrelated in most cases. LIMITATIONS i) The results of the olfactory sensitivity are limited to one odorant (phenyl ethyl alcohol) and thus may not be generalizable to other odorants. ii) As comorbid Axis II disorders were not screened, it is not possible to exclude the influence of personality traits in our results. iii) The involvement of the medications in some olfactory outcomes cannot be ruled out. CONCLUSION The current findings highlight the importance of the olfactory function in PD as patients appeared to be highly sensitive, reactive and aware of odors. These results are discussed in the light of the common neural substrates involved in the olfactory processing and in the pathophysiology of PD, and also related to the clinical features of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Burón
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Antonio Bulbena
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Mar Health Park, Neuropsychiatry and Drug Addiction Institute (INAD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Bulbena-Cabré
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York Medical College, New York, USA
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Kao LT, Tsai MC, Lin HC, Pai F, Lee CZ. Weekly pattern of emergency room admissions for peptic ulcers: A population-based study. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:3344-3350. [PMID: 25805943 PMCID: PMC4363766 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i11.3344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate variations in the incidence of peptic ulcers (PUs) in Taiwan by day of the week within age subgroups.
METHODS: Ambulatory care data were retrieved from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. There were 7204 subjects ≥ 18 years-old with an emergency room admission claim for the treatment of PUs, resulting in a total of 9234 emergency room visits for PUs between 2009 and 2011. Data was divided into the seven days of the week and an additional variable for holidays. One-way analysis of variance was used to examine associations among the daily mean number of PU emergency room admissions and holidays/weekends/weekdays.
RESULTS: One-way analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference in emergency room admissions for PUs by the day of the week (P < 0.001), with admission more likely to occur on Sundays or holidays than weekdays within the total and working populations. The weekday patterns of admission were similar for the patients aged 18-64 years and ≥ 65 years of age. Holidays, followed by Sundays, had higher PU admissions than the mean daily PU emergency room admissions. Furthermore, inclusion of only those treated for PUs with hemorrhage or perforation, Sundays and holidays had higher mean emergency room admissions than other days. Inclusion of patients who diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection, only holidays had higher mean emergency room admissions than other days. Inclusion of patients who had been prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for over 30 d, Sundays and holidays had higher mean PU ER admissions than other non-holiday weekdays.
CONCLUSION: There is a higher incidence of emergency room admission for PUs on weekends than on weekdays for the total and working populations.
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Kao LT, Xirasagar S, Chung KH, Lin HC, Liu SP, Chung SD. Weekly and holiday-related patterns of panic attacks in panic disorder: a population-based study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100913. [PMID: 25006664 PMCID: PMC4090070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While chronobiological studies have reported seasonal variation in panic attacks (PA) episodes, information on the timing of PA by week-days may enable better understanding of the triggers of PA episodes and thereby provide pointers for suitable interventional approaches to minimize PA attacks. This study investigated weekly variation in potential PA admissions including associations with holidays using a population-based longitudinal, administrative claims-based dataset in an Asian population. METHODS This study used ambulatory care data from the "Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. We identified 993 patients with panic disorder (PD), and they had 4228 emergency room (ER) admissions for potential PA in a 3-year period between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2011. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine associations between the potential PA admissions and holidays/weekend days/work-days of the week. RESULTS The daily mean number of potential PA admissions was 3.96 (standard deviation 2.05). One-way ANOVA showed significant differences in potential PA admissions by holiday and day of the week (p<0.001). Daily frequencies showed a trough on Wednesday-Thursday, followed by a sharp increase on Saturday and a peak on Sunday. Potential PA admissions were higher than the daily mean for the sample patients by 29.4% and 22.1%, respectively on Sundays and holidays. Furthermore, the weekly variations were similar for females and males, although females always had higher potential PA admissions on both weekdays and holidays than the males. CONCLUSIONS We found that potential PA admissions among persons with PD varied systematically by day of the week, with a significant peak on weekends and holidays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Kao
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sudha Xirasagar
- Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Health Services Policy and Management, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chung
- Taipei Medical University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Herng-Ching Lin
- Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Dong Chung
- Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Ban Ciao, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Talaei A, Hedjazi A, Rezaei Ardani A, Fayyazi Bordbar MR, Talaei A. The Relationship between Meteorological Conditions and Homicide, Suicide, Rage, and Psychiatric Hospitalization. J Forensic Sci 2014; 59:1397-402. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Talaei
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Arya Hedjazi
- Legal Medicine Research Center; Legal Medicine Organization; Tehran Iran
| | - Amir Rezaei Ardani
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Incidence of acute-onset atrial fibrillation correlates with air temperature. Results of a nine-year survey. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2014; 4:151-7. [PMID: 25107650 PMCID: PMC7333820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jegh.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Some diseases, such as renal colic, stroke, and myocardial infarction, correlate with seasonality and microclimatic variations. Although evidence is limited and controversial, a correlation between acute-onset atrial fibrillation (AAF) and seasonality has been previously reported. In order to elucidate the possible correlations between weather and incidence of AAF in a country with a temperate climate, the influence of day-by-day climate changes was analyzed based on the number of visits for AAF (defined as onset of symptoms within 48 h) in a large urban Emergency Department (ED) of northern Italy. All the episodes of AAF were retrieved from the hospital’s electronic database during a period of 3287 days (January 2002 to December 2010). Only the cases whose onset occurred within 48 h from the ED visit were selected. The total number of ED visits was 725,812 throughout the observational period. Among these, 3633 AAF cases were observed, 52% of which were males. A slight but significant negative linear correlation was found between the number of AAFs and the daily temperature (R = −0.60; p = 0.001). No correlation was found between the number of AAFs and the daily humidity (R = −0.07; p = 0.2).
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Bos EH, Hoenders R, de Jonge P. Wind direction and mental health: a time-series analysis of weather influences in a patient with anxiety disorder. BMJ Case Rep 2012; 2012:bcr-2012-006300. [PMID: 22684840 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-series analysis was used to study the associations between daily weather variables and symptomatology in a man suffering from recurrent anxiety. Outcome measures were the patient's main symptoms: anxiety and energy. Wind direction appeared to be related to the patient's energy levels; these were significantly lower when the wind blew from the southeast. This effect could not be explained by other weather parameters. Decreases in energy in turn predicted increases in anxiety. The reverse effect was observed as well, with increases in anxiety predicting decreases in energy, indicating a positive feedback loop.
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Sung HC, Chang AM, Lee WL. A preferred music listening intervention to reduce anxiety in older adults with dementia in nursing homes. J Clin Nurs 2010; 19:1056-64. [PMID: 20492050 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM This article reports the results of a study evaluating a preferred music listening intervention for reducing anxiety in older adults with dementia in nursing homes. BACKGROUND Anxiety can have a significant negative impact on older adults' functional status, quality of life and health care resources. However, anxiety is often under-diagnosed and inappropriately treated in those with dementia. Little is known about the use of a preferred music listening intervention for managing anxiety in those with dementia. DESIGN A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design was used. METHODS This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a preferred music listening intervention on anxiety in older adults with dementia in nursing home. Twenty-nine participants in the experimental group received a 30-minute music listening intervention based on personal preferences delivered by trained nursing staff in mid-afternoon, twice a week for six weeks. Meanwhile, 23 participants in the control group only received usual standard care with no music. Anxiety was measured by Rating Anxiety in Dementia at baseline and week six. Analysis of covariance (ancova) was used to determine the effectiveness of a preferred music listening intervention on anxiety at six weeks while controlling for pretest anxiety, age and marital status. RESULTS ancova results indicated that older adults who received the preferred music listening had a significantly lower anxiety score at six weeks compared with those who received the usual standard care with no music (F = 12.15, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Preferred music listening had a positive impact by reducing the level of anxiety in older adults with dementia. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nursing staff can learn how to implement preferred music intervention to provide appropriate care tailored to the individual needs of older adults with dementia. Preferred music listening is an inexpensive and viable intervention to promote mental health of those with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Chuan Sung
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi College of Technology & Tzu Chi University and Department of Nursing, Hualien Tzu Chi Medical Centre, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Kent ST, McClure LA, Crosson WL, Arnett DK, Wadley VG, Sathiakumar N. Effect of sunlight exposure on cognitive function among depressed and non-depressed participants: a REGARDS cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2009; 8:34. [PMID: 19638195 PMCID: PMC2728098 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-8-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Possible physiological causes for the effect of sunlight on mood are through the suprachiasmatic nuclei and evidenced by serotonin and melatonin regulation and its associations with depression. Cognitive function involved in these same pathways may potentially be affected by sunlight exposure. We evaluated whether the amount of sunlight exposure (i.e. insolation) affects cognitive function and examined the effect of season on this relationship. METHODS We obtained insolation data for residential regions of 16,800 participants from a national cohort study of blacks and whites, aged 45+. Cognitive impairment was assessed using a validated six-item screener questionnaire and depression status was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Logistic regression was used to find whether same-day or two-week average sunlight exposure was related to cognitive function and whether this relationship differed by depression status. RESULTS Among depressed participants, a dose-response relationship was found between sunlight exposure and cognitive function, with lower levels of sunlight associated with impaired cognitive status (odds ratio = 2.58; 95% CI 1.43-6.69). While both season and sunlight were correlated with cognitive function, a significant relation remained between each of them and cognitive impairment after controlling for their joint effects. CONCLUSION The study found an association between decreased exposure to sunlight and increased probability of cognitive impairment using a novel data source. We are the first to examine the effects of two-week exposure to sunlight on cognition, as well as the first to look at sunlight's effects on cognition in a large cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shia T Kent
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Leslie A McClure
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - William L Crosson
- National Space Science and Technology Center, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Virginia G Wadley
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1808 7th Avenue South Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nalini Sathiakumar
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Carbonell-Camós E. [Temporal dimensions of suicide: hypothesis]. SANTE MENTALE AU QUEBEC 2009; 33:225-45. [PMID: 19370265 DOI: 10.7202/019676ar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, the author examines the temporal dimensions of suicide by taking into account the multiple existing approaches-circadian physiology, psychiatric or sociological epidemiology of suicide-however promoting a socio-anthropological perspective. From this perspective, suicide is examined as a social phenomenon inscribed in time. By beginning with a concern that is characteristic of anthropology of time, knowingly the relation between time of nature and time of society, the author addresses a key issue of the study of suicide already elaborated by Durkheim, in the relation between change that is a basic expression of the passage of time and suicide. After presenting different scientific contributions on the subject, the author proposes an hypothesis allowing integration of the influence of time related to natural phenomenon (cosmobiological rhythms) and the relation of time to social phenomenon (politico-economic rhythms) in relation with suicide and this, according to Gabennesch's theory of "failed promises."
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