• Awake TLIF
• Awake fusion
• Awake lumbar fusion
• Length of stay
• Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion

• Humans
• Male
• Female
• Spinal Fusion/methods
• Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery
• Aged
• Middle Aged
• Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods
• Anesthesia, Spinal/methods
• Wakefulness
• Retrospective Studies
• Pain, Postoperative
• Treatment Outcome

• Enteral nutrition
• Gastroprotection
• Histamine 2 receptor antagonist
• Nasogastric tube
• Neurosurgery
• Proton pump inhibitor
• Stress ulcer
• Vonoprazan

• Humans
• Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use
• Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects
• Histamine H2 Antagonists/therapeutic use
• Pneumonia, Aspiration/prevention & control
• Pneumonia, Aspiration/etiology
• Stomach Ulcer/prevention & control
• Stomach Ulcer/etiology
• Postoperative Complications/prevention & control
• Postoperative Complications/etiology
• Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/prevention & control
• Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/etiology
• Enteral Nutrition
• Risk Factors
• Helicobacter Infections/complications

• Extracranial pressure
• Intra-abdominal pressure
• Intracranial pressure
• Monitoring
• Severe traumatic brain injury

• Humans
• Pseudotumor Cerebri/complications
• Pseudotumor Cerebri/surgery
• Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/adverse effects
• Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/adverse effects
• Prostheses and Implants
• Constipation
• Treatment Outcome

• Glaucoma
• Optic Nerve

• Cerebral blood flow
• Pneumoperitoneum in Trendelenburg position increases intracranial pressure. Cerebral perfusion pressure is not altered with pneumoperitoneum in Trendelenburg position.
• intracranial pressure
• laparoscopy
• pneumoperitoneum
• transcranial doppler
• trendelenburg position

• Intracranial pressure
• arterial blood pressure
• central venous pressure
• correlation
• relationship
• state space models

• Arterial Pressure
• Blood Pressure/physiology
• Central Venous Pressure
• Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology
• Humans
• Intracranial Pressure/physiology
• Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows through and around the central nervous system to nourish, cleanse, and support the brain and spinal cord. Though abnormalities of this CSF flow have been linked to multiple human neural diseases, little is known about the underlying mechanics of CSF flow. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that movement of the body’s trunk could cause CSF flow; hence, the study was conducted on a snake, an animal with prominent trunk movement. The results demonstrate that the resting snake has a CSF pressure profile that is very similar to what is seen in humans and other mammals, and that the CSF dynamics are changed during either artificial (manual) or natural (locomotor) movement of the snake’s body

In the viper boa (Candoia aspera), the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shows two stable overlapping patterns of pulsations: low-frequency (0.08 Hz) pulses with a mean amplitude of 4.1 mmHg that correspond to the ventilatory cycle, and higher-frequency (0.66 Hz) pulses with a mean amplitude of 1.2 mmHg that correspond to the cardiac cycle. Manual oscillations of anesthetized C. aspera induced propagating sinusoidal body waves. These waves resulted in a different pattern of CSF pulsations with frequencies corresponding to the displacement frequency of the body and with amplitudes greater than those of the cardiac or ventilatory cycles. After recovery from anesthesia, the snakes moved independently using lateral undulation and concertina locomotion. The episodes of lateral undulation produced similar influences on the CSF pressure as were observed during the manual oscillations, though the induced CSF pulsations were of lower amplitude during lateral undulation. No impact on the CSF was found while C. aspera was performing concertina locomotion. The relationship between the propagation of the body and the CSF pulsations suggests that the body movements produce an impulse on the spinal CSF.

• fluid mechanics
• locomotion
• movement
• reptilia
• spine

Liver cirrhosis and ascites are risk factors for intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS); however, data is scarce. We aimed to determine the prevalence of IAH/ACS in a population of critically ill cirrhotic patients with acute medical illness in intensive care and to assess for risk factors and clinical outcomes.

This was a multicentric retrospective cohort study including two general ICUs and pooled data from a multicentric study between January 2009 and October 2019.

A total of 9,345 patients were screened, and 95 were included in the analysis. Mean age was 56.7±1.3 years, and 79% were male. Liver cirrhosis etiology included alcohol in 45.3% and alcohol plus hepatitis C virus in 9.5%. Precipitating events included infection in 26% and bleeding in 21% of cases. Mean severity score MELD and SAPS II were 26.2±9.9 and 48.5±15.3, respectively, at ICU admission. The prevalence of IAH and ACS was respectively 82.1% and 23.2% with a mean value of maximum IAP of 16.0±5.7 mmHg and IAH grades: absent 17.9%, I 26.3%, II 33.7%, III 17.9%, and IV 4.2%. Independent risk factors for IAH were alcoholic cirrhosis (p = 0.01), West-Haven score (p = 0.01), and PaO2/FiO2 ratio (p = 0.02); as well as infection (p = 0.048) for ACS. Overall, 28-day mortality was 52.6% associated with higher IAP and ACS, and independent risk factors were MELD (p = 0.001), white blood cell count (p = 0.03), PaO2/FiO2 ratio (p = 0.03), and lactate concentration (p = 0.04) at ICU admission.

This study demonstrates a very high prevalence of IAH/ACS in the critically ill cirrhotic patient in intensive care. Increased IAP and ACS were associated with severity of disease and adverse outcomes and independent risk factors for IAH were alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy and PO2/FiO2 ratio, as well as infection for ACS. Early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of IAH/ACS might improve outcome in critically ill cirrhotic patients.

• Aged
• Critical Care
• Critical Illness/epidemiology
• Female
• Humans
• Intensive Care Units
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/complications
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/epidemiology
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/therapy
• Liver Cirrhosis/complications
• Liver Cirrhosis/epidemiology
• Liver Cirrhosis/therapy
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prevalence
• Retrospective Studies
• Severity of Illness Index
• Treatment Outcome

• dog
• intra-abdominal hypertension
• intra-abdominal pressure
• intraocular pressure

• Animals
• Dog Diseases/physiopathology
• Dogs
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/physiopathology
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/veterinary
• Intraocular Pressure
• Male

• Animals
• Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
• Prostheses and Implants
• Reproducibility of Results
• Swine
• Transducers, Pressure
• Ultrasonics

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. IAH leads to intra-abdominal tissue damage and causes dysfunction in distal organs such as the brain. The effect of a combined injury due to IAH and traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) has not been investigated.

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, brain water content, EB permeability detection, immunofluorescence staining, real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis were used to examine the effects of IAH and TBI on the BBB in rats, and to characterize the protective effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on combined injury-induced BBB damage.

Combined injury from IAH and TBI to the BBB resulted in brain edema and increased intracranial pressure. The effects of bFGF on alleviating the rat BBB injuries were determined, indicating that bFGF regulated the expression levels of the tight junction (TJ), adhesion junction (AJ), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and IL-1β, as well as reduced BBB permeability, brain edema, and intracranial pressure. Moreover, the FGFR1 antagonist PD 173074 and the ERK antagonist PD 98059 decreased the protective effects of bFGF.

bFGF effectively protected the BBB from damage caused by combined injury from IAH and TBI, and binding of FGFR1 and activation of the ERK signaling pathway was involved in these effects.

• abdominal compartment syndrome
• abdominal decompression
• damage control surgery
• decompressive laparotomy
• intra-abdominal hypertension
• open abdomen

• abdominal compartment syndrome
• critical care
• intra-abdominal hypertension

• Cerebrospinal venous system, CSVS
• Extradural neural axis compartment, EDNAC
• Hydrocephalus
• Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, IIH
• Intra-abdominal hypertension, IAH
• Intra-abdominal pressure, IAP
• Prone position
• Traumatic brain injury, TBI
• Vertebral venous system, VVS

• Humans
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/complications
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/surgery
• Monitoring, Intraoperative/methods
• Nervous System Diseases/complications
• Nervous System Diseases/surgery
• Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects
• Neurosurgical Procedures/methods
• Postoperative Complications/epidemiology
• Postoperative Complications/etiology

• Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS)
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension (IAH)
• Intra-abdominal pressure

• Abdominal compartment syndrome
• Abdominal hypertension
• Elevated bladder pressure
• Hernia repair
• Paralytic therapy

• cerebral spinal fluid pressure
• ocular hypertension
• orbital subarachnoid space width
• trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference

• Brain-heart interaction
• Intra-abdominal pressure
• ST segment
• Vectorcardiography

• Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology
• Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology
• Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications
• Electrocardiography
• Female
• Humans
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/complications
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Vectorcardiography

• Acute Lung Injury/complications
• Acute Lung Injury/therapy
• Animals
• Disease Models, Animal
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/complications
• Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/therapy
• Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Respiration, Artificial/methods

• Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
• Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

• Arnold–Chiari malformation type 1
• Body mass index
• Hydrocephalus
• Postoperative complications

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a marker of severe disease. It occurs as combination of inflammation of retroperitoneum, visceral edema, ascites, acute peripancreatic fluid collections, paralytic ileus, and aggressive fluid resuscitation. The frequency of ACS in SAP may be rising due to more aggressive fluid resuscitation, a trend towards conservative treatment, and attempts to use a minimally invasive approach. There remains uncertainty about the most appropriate surgical technique for the treatment of ACS in SAP. Some unresolved questions remain including medical treatment, indications, timing, and interventional techniques. This review will focus on interventional treatment of this serious condition. First line therapy is conservative treatment aiming to decrease IAP and to restore organ dysfunction. If nonoperative measures are not effective, early abdominal decompression is mandatory. Midline laparostomy seems to be method of choice. Since it carries significant morbidity we need randomized studies to establish firm advantages over other described techniques. After ACS resolves efforts should be made to achieve early primary fascia closure. Additional data are necessary to resolve uncertainties regarding ideal timing and indication for operative treatment.

• Intracranial pressure
• Intrathoracic pressure
• Laparoscopy
• Ventriculoperitoneal shunt

• Acute compartment syndrome
• Intraabdominal hypertension
• Intraabdominal pressure
• Open abdomen

Objective. This study aims to explore the usage of intraocular pressure measurements as the early indicator of the increase in intra-abdominal pressure. Methods. In this prospective study, 40 patients undergoing elective surgery were included. Patients were divided into four groups of 10 patients. The control group (Group C) was not subjected to laparoscopic intervention. Laparoscopic surgery was, respectively, performed with an intra-abdominal pressure of 9, 12, and 15 mmHg in Groups L (low), M (medium), and H (high pressure). Intraocular pressure was measured binocularly in each patient at three different times (before, during, and end of surgery) using a contact tonometer. Results. Patients' gender, age, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class, and operative times were not different among the groups. No complications occurred with either the surgery or measurement of intraocular pressure. Intubation was associated with a severe rise in IOP (P < 0.05). An increase in intraocular pressure was seen in groups M and H (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Intraocular pressure was increased in the groups with an intra-abdominal pressure of 12 mmHg or more. Measuring the intraocular pressure might be a useful method to estimate the intra-abdominal pressure. This trial is registered with NCT02319213.

• abdominal compartment syndrome,
• intra-abdominal hypertension,
• intra-abdominal pressure,
• noninvasive
• treatment,

• Intra-abdominal pressure,
• abdominal compartment syndrome,
• intra-abdominal hypertension,
• review

To update the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (WSACS) consensus definitions and management statements relating to intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and the abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).

We conducted systematic or structured reviews to identify relevant studies relating to IAH or ACS. Updated consensus definitions and management statements were then derived using a modified Delphi method and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines, respectively. Quality of evidence was graded from high (A) to very low (D) and management statements from strong RECOMMENDATIONS (desirable effects clearly outweigh potential undesirable ones) to weaker SUGGESTIONS (potential risks and benefits of the intervention are less clear).

In addition to reviewing the consensus definitions proposed in 2006, the WSACS defined the open abdomen, lateralization of the abdominal musculature, polycompartment syndrome, and abdominal compliance, and proposed an open abdomen classification system. RECOMMENDATIONS included intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement, avoidance of sustained IAH, protocolized IAP monitoring and management, decompressive laparotomy for overt ACS, and negative pressure wound therapy and efforts to achieve same-hospital-stay fascial closure among patients with an open abdomen. SUGGESTIONS included use of medical therapies and percutaneous catheter drainage for treatment of IAH/ACS, considering the association between body position and IAP, attempts to avoid a positive fluid balance after initial patient resuscitation, use of enhanced ratios of plasma to red blood cells and prophylactic open abdominal strategies, and avoidance of routine early biologic mesh use among patients with open abdominal wounds. NO RECOMMENDATIONS were possible regarding monitoring of abdominal perfusion pressure or the use of diuretics, renal replacement therapies, albumin, or acute component-parts separation.

Although IAH and ACS are common and frequently associated with poor outcomes, the overall quality of evidence available to guide development of RECOMMENDATIONS was generally low. Appropriately designed intervention trials are urgently needed for patients with IAH and ACS.

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00134-013-2906-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

• intra-abdominal pressure
• abdominal compartment syndrome
• intra-abdominal hypertension
• liver transplantation
• regional pressure variation

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) are increasingly recognized as potential complications in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. ACS and IAH affect all body systems, most notably the cardiac, respiratory, renal, and neurologic systems. ACS/IAH affects blood flow to various organs and plays a significant role in the prognosis of the patients. Recognition of ACS/IAH, its risk factors and clinical signs can reduce the morbidity and mortality associated. Moreover, knowledge of the pathophysiology may help rationalize the therapeutic approach. We start this article with a brief historic review on ACS/IAH. Then, we present the definitions concerning parameters necessary in understanding ACS/IAH. Finally, pathophysiology aspects of both phenomena are presented, prior to exploring the various facets of ACS/IAH management.

• Abdominal compartment syndrome
• intra-abdominal hypertension
• intra-abdominal pressure